Bypass surgery, fully known as heart bypass surgery, is also known as coronary artery bypass grafting. It is usually performed for patients with severe coronary artery disease, where atherosclerosis and luminal narrowing of the coronary arteries lead to blockage of the blood vessels causing poor blood flow, resulting in various clinical symptoms. In severe cases, myocardial infarction can occur, which can even be life-threatening. Bypass surgery saves the patient’s life by creating a channel between the proximal and distal ends of the narrowed coronary arteries, allowing blood to bypass the narrowed or blocked vessels and reach the myocardium to maintain normal blood supply to the heart muscle. Usually the blood vessels used are those of the body, such as the saphenous vein and internal mammary artery. The procedure currently has a high success rate and good postoperative results, relieving angina symptoms and improving the patient’s quality of life.