Viral hepatitis B (hereinafter referred to as hepatitis B) is a contagious disease, and its main transmission routes are blood transmission and vertical transmission from mother to child, etc. For the prevention of hepatitis B, vaccination against hepatitis B is the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B infection, but how should I get vaccinated against hepatitis B? Hepatitis B vaccination is mainly given to newborns, followed by infants and young children, unimmunized people under 15 years old and people at risk. Three doses of hepatitis B vaccine are required for the entire vaccination process, according to the 0, 1, 6 procedure, i.e. after the first dose of vaccine, the second and third doses are given at intervals of 1 month and 6 months. The five hepatitis B items can be checked 1~2 months after vaccination to check the effect of vaccination. Hepatitis B vaccination for newborns should be given within 24 hours of birth, the earlier the better. The blockage rate of mother-to-child transmission with hepatitis B vaccine alone can reach more than 85%. For newborns of HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) positive mothers, hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be administered within 12 hours after birth, along with hepatitis B vaccination at different sites, and the second and third doses of hepatitis B vaccine at 1 month and 6 months, respectively, can significantly improve the effectiveness of blocking mother-to-child transmission. It is also possible to administer 1 dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 12 h after birth, followed by a second dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin 1 month later, along with 1 dose of hepatitis B vaccine at different sites, and a second and third dose of hepatitis B vaccine at 1 month and 6 months intervals, respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination should also be given to newborns of HBsAg-negative mothers. If the hepatitis B vaccine was not administered during the neonatal period, a catch-up vaccination should be given as soon as possible. Adults should be tested for the five hepatitis B tests before receiving the hepatitis B vaccine. If the hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) is positive, the body has a certain degree of immunity to the hepatitis B virus and does not need to receive the hepatitis B vaccine; if the antibody is weakly positive, a booster shot of hepatitis B vaccine is required; if the antibody is negative, the hepatitis B vaccine should be administered according to the “0, 1, 6” principle. For people who have received 3 doses of immunization but have not developed antibodies, they can receive 3 more doses and have their hepatitis B quantification checked 1 to 2 months after the second 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine to check the level of HBsAb in the serum, and if the level is low, they can receive a 60 μg recombinant yeast hepatitis B vaccine. The protective effect of hepatitis B vaccination for those with antibody response generally lasts for at least 12 years, so there is no need for hepatitis B surface antibody monitoring or booster immunization for the general population. However, those at high risk (e.g. medical personnel, those who are frequently exposed to blood, family members who are HBsAg positive, etc.) should have their hepatitis B 5 tests reviewed regularly.