Routine urine tests include urine color, clarity, pH, specific gravity, protein, urine sugar, and organic fraction. A “+” sign in the report is called a positive result; a “-” sign is called a negative result. 1, urine color. Such as strong tea color is mostly seen in acute jaundice type hepatitis; urine red blood-like, suggesting glomerulonephritis, kidney stones, renal tuberculosis, tumors and trauma; cloudy urine, urine less dripping, mostly seen in urinary tract infections. 2, pH (PH) normal range 5 ~ 7, reflecting the acid-base balance in the body and the regulatory function of the kidneys. 3, specific gravity (SG) normal range 1.015 ~ 1.025. increase can be seen in high fever, dehydration, and diabetes, etc.; decrease can be seen in kidney disease, etc. 4.Red blood cells (ERY or RBC) are negative for normal. Positive indicates acute glomerulonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, urinary tract infection and tumor, etc. 5.White blood cell (LEUK or WBC) normal is negative. Increase is common in pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis and prostatitis, etc. 6. Normal protein (PRO) is negative. Positive is common in glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, renal arteriosclerosis, high fever, strenuous exercise, etc. 7.Normal urine glucose (GLU) is negative. It can be seen in diabetes, hyperthyroidism, late pregnancy, etc. There will be transient urine sugar when eating a lot of sugar or pushing glucose. Diabetic patients not only have positive urine sugar, but also have significantly higher blood sugar. 8. Ketone body (KET) is negative for normal. It can be seen in diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. 9. Normal occult blood (BLD) is negative. It can be seen in hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria and diseases where red blood cells appear in the urine. 10. Normal bilirubin (BIL) is negative. Positive indicates hepatobiliary systemic diseases, etc. 11.Urinary bilirubin (UBG) is normally negative or weakly positive. Positive indicates hepatobiliary systemic diseases, etc. 12, Nitrite (NIT) positive is often related to diet, and may also suffer from urinary tract stones, urinary tract infection, etc. 13, tubular positive indicates that the kidney has some damage, commonly in acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, nephrotic syndrome and renal failure. Tips: 1, the health checkup should be checked urine routine, kidney function and kidney ultrasound, etc. 2, the urine retained for testing should be noted: generally clean the vulva, leaving the middle urine sent for testing to prevent contamination affect the test results. Women should avoid menstruation, men do not mix in prostate fluid, etc.