Neonatal jaundice includes physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice. In the case of physiological jaundice in newborns, there is usually no major effect on the child. However, pathological jaundice may affect the child, the most serious being a high bilirubin value, or in the case of a child with high risk factors, the bilirubin may enter the brain, leading to kernicterus, or bilirubin encephalopathy, which may have a long-lasting or temporary effect on the child. Temporary effects are poor response and poor milk intake, but if treated promptly, the symptoms may be reversible and have no long-term effect on the child. However, if the pathological bilirubin continues to be high, it may cause irreversible damage to the child, which may lead to hearing impairment or, in severe cases, nuclear jaundice or cerebral palsy, and may have irreversible effects on the family and society. The determination of pathological jaundice is a dynamic one and requires a professional doctor to determine if there is any effect based on the bilirubin line chart. If the value is not high and the effect on the child is not significant, simple phototherapy can be used to reduce the yellowing treatment. If it causes bilirubin encephalopathy, the child may need to be monitored dynamically in the future, with monthly follow-up visits to follow up on the damage caused to the child’s nervous system and to treat it in a timely manner.