Melasma is a yellowish-brown pigmentation spot on the face, which can be treated by picosecond laser and needs to be carried out in a professional medical institution. The causes of melasma are diverse, including ultraviolet radiation, sex hormone level changes, genetic susceptibility, and there is still a lack of particularly effective treatment for melasma. The main treatments include removal of the cause, medication and physical therapy. Picosecond laser treatment has certain therapeutic effect on melasma, which can improve skin texture and repair scars, but the risk of darkening and recurrence should be alerted. Chloasma patients need to avoid sunlight exposure, avoid taking drugs that cause timely level changes, regular work and rest, reasonable diet, and also use hydroquinone cream, azelaic acid, vitamin C and other drugs as prescribed by doctors. It is recommended that chloasma patients should consult the doctor in time and follow the doctor’s prescription for treatment.