Iron deficiency anemia in children can be treated with medication for iron supplementation or with a diet rich in foods that contain high levels of iron. Drugs for iron deficiency anemia in children include inorganic iron and organic iron. Inorganic iron is mainly represented by pediatric ferrous sulfate syrup, while organic iron includes iron dextrose injection, ferrous fumarate granules, ferrous succinate granules and so on. For treatment, oral iron is preferred, such as oral pediatric ferrous sulfate syrup. Inorganic iron has greater side effects, and taking it after meals can reduce gastrointestinal reactions and is easy to tolerate. If the effect of oral iron is not good or the gastrointestinal reaction is serious and cannot be tolerated, it can be treated by intramuscular iron injection. Dextrose iron injection is most commonly used for intramuscular injection, intramuscular injection of iron should be aware of the presence of allergic reactions. Iron treatment should be continued for 4-6 months after the hemoglobin is normalized, and the drug should be stopped after the ferritin is normalized. In addition, iron deficiency can be supplemented by eating seafood, animal offal, fruits and vegetables, soy products and other iron. Iron supplementation through food can only play an auxiliary role, and can not replace the drug iron supplementation therapy. It is recommended that patients with iron deficiency under the guidance of a specialist to carry out iron supplementation therapy, do not self-medication.