Some parents may find that a bulge will appear under the child’s belly when the child is crying, and the doctor will tell the parents that this is a child hernia, and here I would like to talk to you about what this strange bag under the child’s belly really is. First of all, the symptoms are usually found unintentionally by the parents when the child is crying or bathing, and it appears as a protruding bulge under the small tummy, near the root of the thighs, which is usually soft and of different sizes. In rare cases, the bulge may appear suddenly and cannot be pushed back, which is a danger sign and must be seen by a doctor as soon as possible. What is a bulge? Childhood hernia! It is commonly known as a small intestine hernia. The reason why children get a hernia is because of congenital developmental problems. Childhood hernia is mostly seen in premature babies and boys, but also in girls, but relatively rarely. The reason for this is that in the first month of life, the testicles descend from the abdominal cavity along the inguinal region to the scrotum, and the peritoneal hole called the sphincter is formed and will close on its own. This is a child hernia, and the bulge will be more obvious when the abdominal pressure increases when the child cries, stands or squats. In girls, a hernia can also occur in individual cases where the round ligament of the uterus is present. The age of onset of hernia in children is variable, accompanying the growth and development of the child, it is possible at several years of age, and some of them can develop in adulthood. The current treatment principle for hernia in children is that if it is not serious within 1.5 years of age, it can be treated conservatively by making a hernia belt similar to tight-fitting shorts and protecting the child by consciously pressing the bulge with the parent’s hand when the child is crying. If the hernia does not heal on its own or if the bulge worsens beyond 1.5 years of age, surgery is required. The reason for surgical treatment is very simple: find the hole and ligate it with a silk thread. There are two ways to do this: one is to open the surgery and separate the hole from the outside to the inside and ligate it, and the other is laparoscopic surgery, where a small hole is made in the abdominal wall and the hole is ligated from inside the abdomen at an absolute high level under the direct view of the laparoscope. We now use laparoscopic surgery for children’s hernias, which is a demanding procedure but has a rapid recovery, low recurrence and minimal side effects. The normal polypropylene patch, which is often referred to as a tension-free hernia repair, should not be used for pediatric hernia patients because it has a certain rate of contracture and the change in height as the child develops and grows can cause pain. There is a situation that needs a lot of attention, where the bulge suddenly increases when the child suddenly strains or cries loudly, and cannot be pushed back! This is called an incarcerated hernia! This is a dangerous situation that can cause life-threatening intestinal necrosis and requires immediate medical attention.