Although medication can be very effective for symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in some cases can have immediate results, medication does not have a direct effect on other behavioral problems such as aggressive behavior, oppositional defiance, mood disorders, social problems and strained relationships with parents. Behavior modification is also needed for these children. However, unlike medication, behavior modification takes a lot of parental effort and energy, can be a constant source of failure, and progress is slow. Learning new behaviors is not an easy task for all of us, and it is even more difficult for children with ADHD, but the child’s current behaviors were learned in the past, and all that has been learned can be forgotten, and new behaviors can replace the old ones. With the persistence and effort of parents and the help of doctors, children can change and eventually develop a strong confidence in themselves, recognize their own strengths and limitations, live happily and responsibly, and succeed! Before reading the following, I hope that parents have read the previous sections carefully and do understand “ADHD” and their child, and if needed, have started medication. When in trouble, don’t give up and seek professional advice from your child’s doctor. The goal of behavior modification is to increase good behaviors and decrease or eliminate bad ones. How to do it? Some parents are used to scolding their children to get them to stop doing the wrong things because of the Chinese saying “no beating is good enough”. Does this work? Think about your own feelings when you are reprimanded by your boss. Do you expect him to shut up sooner, even if he has a point, and you think he should express it in a more reasonable way? Scolding a child may seem to have an immediate effect, but the child is not convinced and may repeat the offense in the future. Moreover, scolding can make an introverted child withdraw more and fear contact with others, while an extroverted child may imitate the parent and attack children. So what exactly should be done? Think about how our organizations get their employees to work hard! Employees work hard and conscientiously for reasons other than their love of the job, but mainly because doing a good job will lead to higher pay and positions. If the work is good or bad, the motivation of the employees will disappear. Why do employees dare not come late and leave early, because this will deduct money and demotion, if the unit management is loose, no one cares about you, you can still insist on arriving on time every day? If your unit usually do not care, but only from time to time to engage in surprise checks, you will consistently perform well, or will be lucky, from time to time to slacken? With a regulated system of rewards and punishments, supervisors don’t have to scold their employees, and they will be motivated to work. Behavior modification is somewhat similar to unit management, which simply means rewarding good behavior and “punishing” bad behavior. In particular, how to “punish” will be described later, but definitely not to scold children. Rewards should take precedence over “punishments” in life because children change their behavior through positive encouragement, not through negative ones. The ratio of rewards to “punishments” should be at least 4:1, but when a child behaves badly, it is especially easy to draw parents’ attention to criticize him, while when he behaves well or makes progress, parents may ignore it and forget to praise him.