To raise awareness of cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors, the World Stroke Organization (WSO) has established World Stroke Day on October 29 each year. The WSO was founded on October 29, 2006 as a result of the merger of the International Stroke Society (ISS) and the World Stroke Federation (WSF), and to commemorate the birth of the organization, World Stroke Day is celebrated on October 29 each year. “World Stroke Day has a theme each year and events are held around it around the world. 2009’s theme was “Stroke – What can I do?” The aim is to encourage individuals, organizations and governments to take action to prevent and treat stroke, to promote and improve prevention and treatment methods, and to provide as much help as possible to stroke victims and their relatives. The theme of this year’s World Stroke Day is “1 in 6”, which means that one in six people worldwide is likely to have a stroke in their lifetime; one in six seconds One person dies from a stroke every six seconds; one person is permanently disabled by a stroke every six minutes. The recently published results of the third survey on the causes of death in China show that cerebrovascular disease has become the first cause of death in the country, with stroke being the most important cause of death. There are more than 2 million new strokes and 1.5 million deaths from cerebrovascular disease in China every year, and the trend is increasing year by year, while the age of onset tends to be younger. There are more than 7 million people with cerebrovascular disease in China, of which 70% are ischemic strokes, and a significant proportion are accompanied by multiple risk factors, making them high-risk individuals for recurrent strokes. The incidence and recurrence rates of stroke are increasing rapidly with the aging of the population and the rapid development of the economic level and lifestyle changes. To prevent the development of stroke, it is essential to establish a healthy lifestyle and avoid risk factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, excessive caloric intake and obesity due to lack of physical activity. For people with underlying vascular disease, early detection of the cause and extent of the disease, and appropriate intervention, i.e. secondary prevention of stroke, should be an important preventive and control measure. People with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, history of long-term smoking, long-term heavy alcohol consumption, history of chronic periodontitis, history of ischemic peripheral vascular disease, men over 45 years of age, and women over 55 years of age should undergo carotid artery screening for these two risk factors.