For people at high risk of stroke (e.g. patients with hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking, alcoholism, etc.), early screening for the cause and extent of lesions and appropriate intervention, i.e. primary and secondary prevention of stroke, is an important preventive and control measure to prevent the occurrence of stroke. In the previous prevention and control of cerebrovascular disease, we have paid more attention to the screening and control of hypertension, but not enough attention to the stenosis caused by carotid plaque, which is one of the important causes of ischemic stroke, and there is no carotid screening program even in the routine physical examination. As a result, a large number of patients at high risk of stroke are not detected in time and given effective intervention. Carotid artery screening is a relatively simple, non-invasive and inexpensive test. Patients with severe stenosis can be detected by neck auscultation, and carotid ultrasound can detect and determine the degree of stenosis in most patients with stenosis, and is generally available at hospitals above the county level. Screening of the carotid artery allows for early behavioral or pharmacological intervention (e.g., statins and antioxidants) to slow the progression of stenosis in patients with less severe stenosis, and interventional or surgical treatment in patients with severe stenosis to reduce the incidence of stroke and disability.