Hypertension is one of the most common diseases that easily causes chronic damage to the heart, brain, kidneys and other vital organs. In clinical work, we often see patients blindly choose antihypertensive drugs, or antihypertensive drugs with improper use, or arbitrarily stop using antihypertensive drugs. If patients have dizziness and headache, they take a piece of antihypertensive drugs, and if the head symptoms are not obvious, they do not take it. There are also patients who fear the side effects of antihypertensive drugs, or choose Chinese medicine components antihypertensive drugs as the first choice, these are antihypertensive drug selection misconceptions, unscientific, and does not meet the needs of clinical treatment. For hypertensive patients, how to choose antihypertensive drugs, how to adjust antihypertensive drugs, how to monitor blood pressure, that is, how hypertensive patients learn to self-management (hypertensive patients self-management, is very important), summarize a few points, for reference only. First, normal blood pressure adult SBp (high pressure) < 140mmhg, dbp (low pressure) < 90mmhg Currently, WHO determined that the adult high pressure does not exceed 140mmHg, that is, can not be identified as hypertension. Some people will ask, 70 years old, 80 years old blood pressure is higher is reasonable, right? In fact, it is not, the blood pressure is moderately high, limited to patients with arterial (especially carotid OR intracranial artery) stenosis under the guidance of a physician, must be under the guidance of a physician before a limited increase in physiological blood pressure. Second, choose which blood pressure monitor Must choose the hospital use of mercury sphygmomanometer, is the mercury column desktop sphygmomanometer. The least desirable is the wrist-type electronic sphygmomanometer. The better arm type electronic sphygmomanometer can also be, but electronic sphygmomanometers are more or less error. Third, how many times a day to measure blood pressure more scientific Some patients repeatedly measured blood pressure in a day, more than ten times or 20 times, is not necessary. Early in the morning morning blood pressure is low, can not represent the whole day's blood pressure, it is recommended that between 9:00 am and 20:00 am blood pressure measurement. However, in patients with hypertension, blood pressure fluctuates physiologically during the day, and patients have to master the fluctuation pattern by themselves. However, for a sudden increase in blood pressure, it is necessary to measure at any time. I advocate: 1) high pressure within 160, at least twice a week blood pressure 2) high pressure 160-180, at least every other day blood pressure 3) high pressure > 180, at least once a day blood pressure measurement IV, the choice of antihypertensive drugs 1, choose long-acting antihypertensive drugs to lower blood pressure – preferred preferred long-acting antihypertensive drugs, what antihypertensive drugs are long-acting antihypertensive drugs? Simply put, the drug instructions require the oral administration of antihypertensive drugs once a day. Long-acting antihypertensive drugs have a long duration, which can maximize the concentration of drugs within 24 hours a day and maintain stable blood pressure. Of course, when oral administration of a long-acting antihypertensive drug does not achieve the desired antihypertensive effect, another long-acting antihypertensive drug can be added. 2, with short-acting antihypertensive drugs – combined In the long-acting antihypertensive drugs can not achieve the desired antihypertensive effect (single drug to achieve the maximum daily amount), add short-acting antihypertensive drugs. The so-called short-acting refers to the antihypertensive drugs that should be taken orally 2-3 times a day, such as compound reserpine tablets, captopril tablets, etc. Short-acting antihypertensive drugs oral principles: (1) according to the degree of blood pressure and the use of long-acting antihypertensive drugs to choose. (2) Start with a small dose, such as once a day, one capsule at a time gradually increase, (3) according to the degree of blood pressure control, adjust the number of times to use short-acting antihypertensive drugs and each dosage. (5) The addition and reduction of antihypertensive drugs (when to reduce, when to increase, when to stop) 1, firmly not, blood pressure is high, take the drug; low, stop the drug. 2, resolutely not, have head symptoms, take the drug; not dizzy, dizzy, do not take the drug. 3, human blood pressure will fluctuate with seasonal changes, generally high in autumn and winter, when the amount of antihypertensive drugs should be moderately increased; spring and summer low, with blood pressure fluctuations to increase and decrease the amount. 4, many factors affecting blood pressure fluctuations, such as emotions, insomnia, anxiety, irritability, shock, fatigue, etc., such as recently busy, often stay up late, be sure to test blood pressure, according to blood pressure fluctuations, moderate increase.