Nocturnal sleepwalking disorder, also known as sleep walking disorder, was once called “sleepwalking disorder” and occurs during the S3 and S4 stages of non-eye fast moving sleep, so it is not related to night dreams. The onset of nocturnal sleepwalking is generally considered to be related to the immaturity of the central nervous system, the movement of parts of the brain during waking in the deep sleep state, and genetic and psycho-environmental factors. Strictly speaking, nocturnal swimming disorder is a content disorder of consciousness, an altered state of consciousness in which sleep and waking phenomena coexist, presenting low levels of attention, reactivity and motor skills. Measurement of patients in nocturnal sleep disorder reveals that their brain waves are very close to those of an average person in the awakened state. If analyzed neurologically, the frontal lobes, executive prefrontal lobes, and functional areas of the brain that control judgment are slower in nocturnal patients than in the general population. fMRI shows that patients also have sleep-like activity in the hippocampus, a functional area of memory. This difference in the activity of functional brain areas from normal individuals may explain the fact that their motor areas and visual pathways are awake in the seizure state, and this awakening allows them to avoid hitting objects and also to go up and down stairs more normally instead of rolling down. Also, when a person with nocturnal sleep disorder has an episode, their eyes are open (to ensure that the visual pathways are open). Is nocturnal sleepwalking common? In fact, nocturnal sleepwalking is more common in children than in adults because the NREM state is a form of slow-wave sleep, and childhood is the most intense period of slow-wave activity in a person’s life, which generally resolves itself with age. Therefore, the incidence is higher than that of adults. It occurs in about 15% of children aged 5 to 12 years, with 1% to 6% of them persisting. It is more frequent in males versus females. In recent years, the incidence of nocturnal sleepwalking in adults is on the rise, mainly due to the widespread use of drugs. Benzodiazepine receptor boosters, such as zolpidem and the like, they inhibit the hippocampal loop or executive prefrontal lobe so that patients can sleep more, but they mostly don’t remember their middle waking either. The human brain has a natural process of waking up during the night, and with sleeping pills, this waking process is disturbed. Sometimes this happens – the motor and visual pathways are awake, but the judgment and memory areas are still inhibited in the sleep state. This is the state of nocturnal sleepiness. Any factor that can cause a person to sleep poorly can lead to nocturnal sleepwalking. For example, sleep apnea syndrome, sleep deprivation, or other sleep disorders. In addition, environmental factors can also lead to nocturnal sleepwalking. Background noise during sleep, for example, has been used as an inducer of nocturnal sleepwalking in the laboratory. Nocturnal sleepwalking mostly occurs within 1 to 3 hours after falling asleep. The onset occurs when the child (or adult) sleeps with eyes open and stares, sits up, and moves out of bed. The movements are noticeably clumsy and sluggish and lack purpose. Usually he does not bump or fall, and sometimes he can do more complicated things, such as walking back and forth on the floor, or putting on clothes and socks, or rubbing the bedding and bed sheets, or looking for something to eat, or aimlessly rummaging through boxes, or sweeping the floor, pouring water, etc. There are also a few people who can shout, or cry, run, or jump out of the door during an attack. After a few minutes to half an hour of action, they go back to bed and fall asleep or wake up and find themselves in the dark. Attempts by others to intervene or talk to the person are relatively unresponsive and difficult to awaken. There is a period of confusion and disorientation within a few minutes of the initial awakening from the episode, but there is no impairment of mental activity or behavior. Upon awakening, there is no recollection of what happened while you were asleep (either during the seizure or in the early hours of the next morning). In all episodes there should be someone to watch over the child to avoid accidents, and it is important to go to the hospital in time to get a clear diagnosis and differential diagnosis, as well as the necessary treatment, especially with an electroencephalogram. Nocturnal sleepwalking does not have any adverse effects on the health of children and generally does not require special treatment. However, it can lead to self-injury or accidental injury. Therefore, care should be taken to enhance protection against accidents. For example, dangerous objects should not be placed in the room, fire should not be built, doors and windows should be locked, etc. If you find that a child with nocturnal emission has gone out of the door, parents can take the child home, make him go to bed, and let him continue to sleep. Do not forcibly wake the child from a nocturnal episode, as forcibly waking the child may result in more severe confusion and agitation. Avoid factors that may deepen sleep, such as excessive fatigue during the day or excessive excitement before bedtime, to avoid triggering nocturnal episodes. For children with frequent episodes, you can take Jia Jing Valium every night before bedtime for several nights. With the growth of age, the cerebral cortex is gradually developed and perfected, and nocturnal sleepwalking can be cured.