Long-term use of antihypertensive drugs will have an impact on the kidney, mainly including the following: i. Calcium channel blocker drugs can dilate small arteries, producing a diuretic effect, which has no effect on renal function; ii. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have a protective renal function, which can cause acute renal failure and hyperkalemia, and attention should be paid to monitoring renal function and electrolytes when using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; iii. Angiotensin receptor antagonists can selectively dilate small renal arteries, reduce glomerular pressure, protect and delay the process of renal insufficiency; iv. Beta-blockers will reduce cardiac output and decrease renal perfusion, and attention should be paid to monitoring renal function when using them.