Failure to make a definitive diagnosis by thyroid puncture generally gives the option of regular follow-up, re-puncturing and direct surgery. Thyroid puncture is a method used to diagnose nodular thyroid disease, which is highly accurate and requires a certain level of skill. 1. Regular follow-up: If there are no obvious uncomfortable symptoms such as sore throat, emaciation and fever after thyroid puncture, and there is no family history of tumors, and the results of laboratory tests are acceptable and the general condition is good, then you can choose to review the thyroid ultrasound, thyroid function and thyroid imaging on a regular basis. 2. Re-puncture: Re-puncture can also be chosen if the diagnosis cannot be confirmed by thyroid puncture. It can clarify the diagnosis as early as possible, eliminate the patient’s concern, and provide guidance for the next step of treatment, but with corresponding risks. 3. Direct surgery: If it is more aggressive and the thyroid nodule is large, accompanied by obvious compression symptoms, affecting the function of the thyroid gland. In this case, even if the diagnosis cannot be confirmed by thyroid puncture, direct surgery can be chosen. During the operation, the diseased tissue can also be directly removed for pathological examination, and the scope of the next operation can be determined based on the results of this pathological examination. In addition, if the diagnosis cannot be confirmed by thyroid puncture, further treatment can be provided directly at the nearest medical institution.