Not all cerebral arteriovenous malformations should be treated after diagnosis, while some are difficult to treat safely even by the highest level of current doctors. Patients who have ruptured and bled, or who have progressive clinical symptoms (e.g., uncontrolled seizures, worsening headaches, worsening intellectual and memory impairment) should be treated, while patients who have not bled, have non-progressive general symptoms, or are asymptomatic, are still controversial. In general, the probability of ruptured bleeding per year for an unruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformation is about 1-2%, so if a 20-year-old has the disease, the probability of ruptured bleeding during his lifetime is high and treatment should be chosen if the average life expectancy is 75 years; if a 70-year-old incidentally discovers this clock disease, then conservative observation may be preferred. The choice of whether to proceed with treatment also requires an individualized professional evaluation that considers how risky the treatment is. There is no drug treatment for cerebrovascular malformations (perhaps there will be in the future), and the only treatments available are craniotomy, minimally invasive endovascular embolization, and stereotactic radiation therapy (including gamma knife, x-ray knife, radio wave knife, etc.). The advantages of surgical resection are that the lesion can be completely removed at one time, but the disadvantages are the trauma of craniotomy, possible damage to the brain tissue around the malformation during resection causing functional damage, and possible hemorrhage during surgery; the advantages of interventional therapy are that it does not open the skull, can selectively embolize the rupture risk structures in the malformation mass (such as concurrent aneurysm), can reduce blood flow to improve the safety of subsequent resection surgery, and can also reduce the volume by The disadvantage is that only a minority of patients (15-30%) can have their disease cured by simple interventional embolization; while the advantage of stereotactic radiotherapy is that it is more minimally invasive, the disadvantage is that this treatment does not eliminate the lesion immediately, and it often takes 2-3 years or more for the deformity to slowly disappear (during which time it may still bleed), in addition It may be ineffective in a small number of patients and is generally not suitable for malformation clusters larger than 3 cm in diameter. Therefore, the choice of treatment modality for cerebral arteriovenous malformations requires extensive expertise and clinical experience. The main treatment option is to perform cerebral angiography (which is also beneficial for surgical resection or stereotactic radiotherapy), which can be accompanied by interventional embolization, especially in patients with malformations located in functional areas (motor, speech, sensory centers) or deep in the brain, and in patients with large arteriovenous fistulas (abnormal short circuits between arteries and veins) in the malformation mass, and combined with aneurysms. In addition, for patients with large arteriovenous fistulas (abnormal short circuit between arterioles and veins) and combined aneurysms, interventional embolization should be performed first, and some patients can be completely cured after single or split interventional embolization, and for residual malformations, stereotactic radiotherapy or surgery is required; for small unbleeding deep lesions (less than 3 cm in diameter) that are not accompanied by aneurysms and do not have large arteriovenous fistulas (short circuit), stereotactic radiotherapy (including gamma knife, X-knife, radio-wave When the malformed vessel is located in a non-functional area and is superficial, it can be removed by craniotomy, especially if the lesion has already hemorrhaged and formed a large hematoma, and the compression damage of the hematoma should be removed. In conclusion, the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations needs to be professionally evaluated and determined according to the patient’s mode of onset, the patient’s age and general condition, whether the lesion is bleeding, the size and location of the lesion, whether the lesion is located in a functional area, and whether the lesion has an aneurysm or a large arteriovenous fistula.