Urinary incontinence usually occurs after the mother has given birth. Leakage of urine usually occurs when coughing, laughing, or during strenuous activities, and in severe cases, incontinence may even occur with a little activity. There are also cases where incontinence occurs when you are in a hurry. The former is called stress incontinence, the latter is called urge incontinence, and some people may have both, called mixed incontinence. Urinary incontinence is often related to childbirth, during which the fetus overpresses the muscles of the pelvic floor during its descent, causing nerve and muscle damage, which can lead to urinary incontinence in the postpartum period. It may occur in the short term or some time after delivery, and may be combined with uterine prolapse (the uterus falling out of the vagina or even outside the vagina). After menopause, the symptoms of urinary incontinence tend to worsen as estrogen declines in the body. As a result, urinary incontinence has also become a common problem among middle-aged and older women, with epidemiologic surveys showing that 30% of perimenopausal women have urinary incontinence. As life expectancy increases and quality of life improves, it is important to recognize this problem and seek medical attention in a timely manner. In the case of urinary incontinence, there are already some solutions to the problem. After the visit, the doctor may ask the patient to fill out a bladder diary to record daily water intake, urine output, and incontinence to help the doctor understand the severity of the incontinence. Completing a one-week voiding diary prior to the visit will help the doctor understand the condition. Routine urinalysis will help to see if the patient has any infections in the urinary tract or blood in the urine. Individuals may also need kidney function tests. A special test for urinary incontinence called a urodynamic test is performed to see if there is a combination of internal sphincter dysfunction and neurologic problems. In terms of treatment, it is necessary to differentiate between the degree of incontinence, fertility requirements and age. Voiding management, bladder training and pelvic floor muscle exercises are indicated for each patient. Voiding management involves proper management of fluid intake, drinking water regularly, in small amounts, avoiding large quantities at one time, and avoiding water during the night for 4 hours before going to bed. It is important to avoid stimulating foods such as caffeine, soda, alcohol, spicy acidic foods, and dessert additives, all of which can irritate the bladder causing irritation of the bladder. Bladder training involves behavioral training to lengthen the time interval between urination. It usually starts with regular 45-minute urination and gradually extends the time interval between urination. If a desire to urinate arises during the holding process, urination is inhibited by contraction of the pelvic floor muscles and by imagining that the symptoms of urgency are subsiding. Typically, after 2 weeks of training, the interval between urination is lengthened by 15-30 minutes until the goal of urinating every 3-4 hours during the day and once at night is achieved. Topical estrogen therapy is indicated for postmenopausal patients, after menopause with the decline of estrogen levels, the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract appear to have atrophic symptoms, the appropriate amount of topical estrogen ointment in the vagina can help to improve the symptoms of urinary incontinence. Pelvic floor muscle exercise, or Kegal training, is suitable for patients with any degree of urinary incontinence. Kegal training can be done by suddenly holding the urine during urination, and the muscle contraction felt during the process is the pelvic floor muscle. Pelvic floor muscle training can be exercised for 10-15 minutes daily. Pelvic floor muscle exercise not only relieves the degree of incontinence, but also helps women improve their sexual function. Laser treatment is a new non-invasive treatment technology developed in recent years, it is the use of YAG laser, the anterior wall of the vagina, urethra and bladder to produce thermal effects, stimulate the collagen fibers in the tissues by thermal contraction and remodeling, and play a contraction role, thus increasing the vagina to the urethra to support the work of the bladder to improve the support, can improve the symptoms of urinary incontinence and prolapse for the treatment of mild and moderate incontinence. Laser treatment avoids the need for surgery, which is usually non-invasive and much safer than the side effects of bleeding and side injuries received. Surgery is indicated for patients with moderate to severe stress incontinence who have completed childbearing, and there are various types of surgery. The current gold standard surgery is the procedure called TOT/TVT, in which a sling, approximately 1cm wide, is placed underneath the urethra, and the angle of the urethra is elevated after tightening it, in order to achieve the goal of treating incontinence. Of course, the surgery is not 100% successful, about 50% of the patients can be completely cured after the surgery, and another 30% can reach remission, but there are still about 10-20% of the patients will not improve, and need to further consider other options (such as internal urethral sphincter silica gel injections, re-slinging surgery, etc.). In complicated cases of combined uterine prolapse, if severe, correction of the uterine prolapse and treatment of urinary incontinence are often chosen in conjunction with the surgical procedure. The specific situation requires an outpatient examination and evaluation before deciding on a treatment plan.