1.What does an anesthesiologist do? The position of anesthesiologists in surgery is very important. In addition to pre-anesthesia evaluation and administration of anesthesia for patients before the start of surgery, the surgeon must also be responsible for handling the physiological reactions of patients caused by receiving anesthesia and surgery, maintaining the basic vital functions of patients in the anesthesia state, such as heartbeat, respiration, blood circulation and oxygen delivery and other important functions, prevention and emergency treatment. To prevent complications and serious sequelae from occurring during anesthesia. Anesthesiologists have the ability to save patients’ lives in critical situations, and they are not only important figures in the operating room, but also the mainstay of emergency care and emergency treatment for patients with critical illnesses. It is the primary responsibility of our anesthesiologists to ensure the safety of patients’ lives, and painlessness and maintaining the stability of vital signs are our main tasks. 2.What are the main methods of anesthesia? There are three main anesthesia methods: 1. general anesthesia 2. regional block anesthesia 3. local anesthesia Each of them has many forms and uses. 3.Why do anesthesiologists ask many questions? In addition to relieving your pain and comfort during surgery, the anesthesiologist is responsible for most of the maintenance of important life functions, so it is very important to understand the patient’s medical condition, including past disease history, recent medication, allergy history, history of anesthesia surgery, etc., whether the flat time is accompanied by diabetes, asthma, bronchitis, heart disease, etc., and which drugs are taken for a long time. The anesthesiologist should be prepared to treat some diseases during anesthesia to avoid affecting life safety. 4.Why should the patient not eat or drink before surgery? Fasting is very important in most anesthesia patients, so that the chances of vomiting and aspiration are greatly reduced. This is because some anesthetic drugs weaken the normal protective reflexes of the body. For example, the lungs have protective reflexes against foreign objects, such as food in the stomach, to prevent them from entering the lungs. However, after anesthesia, these reflexes disappear. And stomach acid is so irritating to the lungs that it often causes aspiration pneumonia, which can lead to respiratory failure and affect life. Therefore, for your safety, you should follow the doctor’s instructions and fast before surgery. 5.Does general anesthesia have any effect on intelligence? The general anesthetics used in modern anesthesia are all drugs with minimal effects on the human body and reversible, and can be completely excreted by human metabolism after surgery. 6. Is anesthesia more risky for elderly patients? Yes! Unlike younger patients, older patients often have diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and other systemic diseases. These high-risk factors make surgery and anesthesia more difficult, and sometimes the surgery is successful, but the patient eventually dies due to other factors. Therefore, the assessment before anesthesia should be prudent, and life safety should be the first priority, unless emergency surgery is required to save the life of the patient, otherwise the surgery should be suspended. Because of the poor physiological and physical condition, it is more important to choose the appropriate anesthesia, monitor the cardiovascular, pulmonary and respiratory, and renal functions during the operation, provide postoperative care and pain relief, and maintain the body temperature. Postoperative complications such as respiratory failure, myocardial hypoxia, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc. occur. They are even higher than preoperative and intraoperative ones. The metabolism of anesthetic drugs is also slowed down by the aging of tissues and organs in elderly patients. Therefore, we should pay attention to the reduction of dose and the delayed effect of drugs. 7.What is the risk of anesthesia? All surgeries and anesthesia have certain risks, which are determined by various factors such as the way of surgery, the patient’s physical condition and whether it is combined with other serious systemic diseases. “Anesthesia and surgery are actually twin brothers, and neither one can work without the other. During surgery, the anesthesiologist is the direct object of giving life support to the patient, and he has to supervise the patient’s heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration, body temperature and the balance of the internal environment and a series of other vital signs smoothly. For different ages of surgical subjects, 1 year old, 30 years old, 80 years old, as long as the same disease, the surgeon in surgery basically no difference; however, the anesthesiologist in considering the anesthesia program has a world of difference. There is only minor surgery, not minor anesthesia. Regardless of the type of anesthesia, due to the inherent side effects of anesthetics, the complexity of the disease, and adverse stimuli such as surgery, unpredictability can lead to dramatic changes in the patient’s vital signs, or even life-threatening, such as intraoperative hemorrhage, myocardial hypoxia, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, severe drug allergy, respiratory failure, and stroke. These emergencies require timely and correct emergency treatment by anesthesiologists to bring the patient back to life. 8.Anesthesia is as simple as a shot? Anesthesia is not just a simple “shot”! Since everyone tolerates and reacts differently to anesthetic drugs, accidents and complications are inevitable during anesthesia. These accidents include: respiratory and circulatory depression, respiratory and cardiac arrest, vomiting, regurgitation and aspiration, and nerve damage. That is why during the whole operation, the anesthesiologist cannot leave the patient, and should know every step of the operation and the next step well; he/she should have a full understanding of the indications, contraindications and interactions of various anesthetic drugs, and adjust the anesthetic dosage according to the needs of the operation at any time. In order to let the patient’s life is always controlled in the normal physiological level. Therefore, anesthesia is never as simple as “give a shot and sleep”. Anesthesiologists do not only relieve pain and render the patient unconscious through drug therapy. It is more important to monitor and diagnose changes in vital functions caused by various factors (primary disease, anesthesia, surgery, etc.) during surgery and recovery from anesthesia, and to provide timely treatment to ensure the safety of patients in the perioperative period. Ensuring the safety of patients’ lives is the primary responsibility of our anesthesiologists, and painlessness and maintaining the stability of vital signs are our main tasks. Due to the special constitution of the patient or other reasons, anesthesia may cause a series of complications and serious anesthesia accidents such as poisoning, respiratory depression, or even cardiac arrest, etc. No matter what happens, our anesthesiologists will deal with the situation promptly at the first time and do their best to save the patient. Anesthesiologists shoulders the weight of every life, we will do our best to escort your life and health!