Pneumothorax due to lung cancer after surgery is usually not self-healing and requires targeted venting, as well as conservative treatment. Postoperative pneumothorax may occur after lung cancer surgery due to surgical reasons, as well as reasons of the lung itself. Pneumothorax is mainly caused by gas entering into the pleural cavity, which in turn leads to atrophy and compression of the lungs, resulting in dyspnea, which generally cannot be self-healed. Once a pneumothorax occurs, it needs to be treated as soon as possible to avoid symptoms that can affect the patient’s quality of life. Postoperative pneumothorax is generally closed pneumothorax, can be targeted use of morphine and other drugs to relieve pain, cephalosporin antibiotic drugs to anti-inflammatory, but also the use of thoracic puncture pumping, closed chest drainage to pumping treatment. It is recommended that patients actively comply with the medical advice treatment, so as not to delay the condition.