It is well known that there is a strong causal relationship between hypertension and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In a prospective observational study of 61 populations worldwide (approximately 1 million people, aged 40-89 years) [1], it turned out that hypertension was continuously, independently and directly positively associated with the risk of stroke, coronary events, and cardiovascular death. The risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease was multiplied for every 20 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure or 10 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure. Commonly used antihypertensive drugs include calcium antagonists (CCB), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor antagonists ARB, β-blockers and diuretics, as well as fixed-ratio compounded formulations of the above drugs. This article summarizes the classification of commonly used antihypertensive drugs, as well as the indication of the population and the main adverse effects. Classification: Representative drugs Applicable population Do not adverse reactions Calcium antagonists (CCB) Dihydropyridines: Nifedipine tablets (cardiac pain) Nifedipine extended-release tablets (our Fuda) Nifedipine controlled-release tablets (Baysin) Felodipine (Boydin) Amlodipine (Loxin, Anezin) Benidipine (Coriclov) Levodipine benzoate (Schweitzer) Non-dihydropyridines: Diltiazem (Tenelheart, Habeson) ) For elderly patients with hypertension, simple systolic hypertension, carotid intima-media thickening or plaque, stable angina pectoris, post-stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Common adverse effects are ankle edema, flushing, headache, dizziness, and gingival hyperplasia. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) Captopril (Captopril) Benazepril (Lotensin) Enalapril (Ensure) Perindopril (Asterix) Ramipril (Ralte) Fosinopril (Monox) For patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease (except severe renal insufficiency), heart failure, post-myocardial infarction with cardiac insufficiency, prevention of atrial fibrillation, obesity, and stroke . Cough, hyperkalemia, rash and angioedema, which may be exacerbated in patients with renal insufficiency. Angiotensin receptor antagonist (ARB) Corsartan potassium (Corsoa) Valsartan (Devon) Candesartan (Biloxi) Irbesartan (Ambrovir) Telmisartan (Mecasol) Olmesartan (Ortan) If hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg is added, Corsartan becomes Hedzia, Devon becomes Fodavin, and Ambrovir becomes Ambrovir. It works roughly the same as ACEI class and for the same population, especially for patients with pronounced dry cough with ACEI class drugs. In addition to rarely causing cough, the adverse effects are similar to those of ACEI. The risk of adverse effects such as hyperkalemia is increased when this drug is used in combination with ACEI, and it is generally not advisable to combine it with ACEI in antihypertensive treatment. Beta-blockers First generation, non-selective beta-blockers: eliminated; second generation, selective blockade of beta1 receptors: metoprolol tartrate (betalactone tablets), metoprolol succinate (betalactone extended-release tablets), bisoprolol fumarate (Conexant), atenolol (Vanmar); third generation, also non-selective beta-blockers, but with the addition of alpha-blockers: carvedilol (Lodex, Dariquan); and Arotelolol (Alma). Beta-blockers mainly achieve hypotensive and cardioprotective effects by slowing down the heart rate and reducing myocardial oxygen consumption, and are more suitable for young and middle-aged patients with fast heart rates, and more suitable for patients with coronary angina, post-myocardial infarction, and chronic heart failure. Bradycardia, causing bronchospasm, and a few patients with psychiatric symptoms such as pronounced drowsiness, anorexia and depression after taking the drug. Sudden discontinuation or reduction of the drug can cause sympathetic excitation symptoms and rebound blood pressure and heart rate increase. Affects glucose and lipid metabolism. Diuretics Thiazides: hydrochlorothiazide; tabular diuretics: furosemide; torasemide; aldosterone antagonists: spironolactone (ambisolide); sodium drainage and relief of vasospasm: indapamide tablets (Shoubisan); diuretics, a classical class of antihypertensive agents for patients with high salt intake, elderly hypertension, simple systolic hypertension, with heart failure and lower limb edema, and as the basis for refractory hypertension It is also one of the basic drugs for refractory hypertension. Water and electrolyte disorders (hypokalemia, hyponatremia), hypotension, hyperuricemia, interference with glucose metabolism, aggravation of renal insufficiency, and ototoxicity of individual diuretics. Traditional compound preparations: 1, compound rooibos is a compound preparation of Chinese and Western medicines, its ingredients include rooibos leaves, wild chrysanthemum, dihydralazine sulfate, hydrochlorothiazide and promethazine hydrochloride, etc. 2.Jenju antihypertensive tablet is also a mixture of Chinese and Western medicines, each tablet contains 30 micrograms of colistin, 5 mg of hydrochlorothiazide, and wild chrysanthemum, pearl layer, acacia rice, etc.. It has the side effects of both diuretics and central antihypertensive drugs. 3.Beijing Antihypertensive 0 is a compound antihypertensive drug, which contains lisdexamfetamine, hydrochlorothiazide, aminopterin, dihydralazine and lisdexamfetamine. Risperdal, one of the main antihypertensive ingredients of this type of preparation, may cause dizziness, insomnia, depression, muscle tremors, gastrointestinal bleeding, male sexual dysfunction and dyslipidemia, while colistin may affect the cognitive function of the brain; hydrazinepyridazine/dihydropyridazine and diuretics may cause RAS activation with prolonged use, and diuretics may easily cause low potassium and induce gout.