Aminotransferases, referred to as transaminases, are essential catalysts of human metabolism. Two types of aminotransferases are commonly used clinically: alanine aminotransferase (ALT, also known as glutamate aminotransferase) and aspartate amino acid transferase (AST, also known as glutamic oxalacetic aminotransferase). Normal values of glutamate aminotransferase are 5-40 U/L and normal values of glutamic oxalacetic aminotransferase are 8-40 U/L. Glutamate aminotransferase is present in all tissues of the body, mainly in the liver, followed by skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and kidney tissues, and glutamic oxalacetic aminotransferase transaminase is mainly distributed in cardiac muscle, followed by liver, skeletal muscle and kidney tissues. In hepatocytes glutathione aminotransferase is mainly found in the hepatocyte plasma, while 80% of glutathione aminotransferase is found in the mitochondria of hepatocytes. Under normal conditions, serum levels of transaminases are low. When the body develops diseases such as liver disease, cardiac or skeletal muscle injury, transaminases in the cell plasma are released into the bloodstream, resulting in higher-than-normal lab tests. Elevated transaminases can be seen in various acute and chronic hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, fatty liver and other liver diseases, as well as in acute myocardial infarction, dermatomyositis, kidney infarction, hyperthyroidism and other diseases. In addition, the presence of fever, strenuous exercise, exertion, alcohol consumption and medication can also cause transient aminotransferase elevation, which can gradually return to normal after eliminating the above-mentioned adverse factors. The key to elevated aminotransferases is to identify the cause and then treat it precisely. As mentioned above, the normal value of transaminase is 5-40U/L and the normal value of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase is 8-40U/L. Elevated transaminase is a common abnormal clinical test result, and its causes are complex and varied, so patients should seek timely medical consultation to clarify the causes and then carry out treatment.