Most of the patients who underwent head and neck surgery are very concerned about the post-operative scar, and patients often consult about the scar, here is a brief introduction of the characteristics of skin scar formation and prevention methods for you. First of all, scar tissue is the inevitable product of human trauma repair process, so far, there is no definite method or product to prevent and treat scar. The mechanism of scar occurrence is not yet well understood. According to the current knowledge, scar is mainly caused by the growth of fibroblasts and the synthesis, secretion and excessive deposition of collagen, so the prevention and treatment is also to stop the growth of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis. The scar formation has certain time characteristics. 2-4 weeks of the scar is light rose color, then red, swollen, soft and flat surface; 1-2 months of the scar is light rose color, accompanied by varying degrees of purple swelling, slightly raised, and mildly increased toughness; 2-3 months of the scar is red and congested appearance, accompanied by purple, the whole scar is solid, protruding from the skin surface; 3-6 months of the scar is purple In the period from 3 to 6 months, the purple color of the scar disappears, the congestion decreases, and the scar becomes partially soft, but still protrudes slightly from the surface of the skin; in the period from 6 to 18 months, the congestion decreases and becomes light rose color, there are still uneven red swollen areas locally, and some areas are brown, the scar softens more obviously, and there is still mild toughness, but we cannot find hard scar tissue; in the period from 18 months and above, the congestion disappears, the scar becomes white, and there may be less brown, and the whole scar becomes soft and flat. Scar control. Intraoperative tension-free intradermal sutures and postoperative maintenance of tension-free incision are the most important aspects to prevent the formation of postoperative scar. For patients who have already formed obvious scars or are keloid, there are various postoperative treatments for scars, such as surgical excision, compression therapy, cortisol injection, radiation therapy, silicone gel film material therapy, laser therapy, and cryotherapy. Among them, silicone gel film can inhibit the growth of fibroblasts, inhibit the synthesis and secretion of fibroblast collagen, reduce the excessive deposition of collagen in the scar tissue, and promote the transformation of the scar tissue structure to normal skin. This method is a relatively simple method that can be used by the patient himself, and may be tried by patients who are concerned about postoperative scarring. Other methods are relatively complex and require the involvement of a specialist, so they are generally not recommended unless the scar is very pronounced.