What is health? The World Health Organization defines “health” as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” In other words, health is a state of physical, mental and interactional perfection, not the absence of physical illness.
How many years can a person live? By biology, a mammal lives five to six times as long as its growth period. The human birth period is calculated using the time when the last tooth comes in (20 to 25 years), so the normal life expectancy of a human being should be 120 years.
Why the majority of people do not live to 120 years so far?
This is determined by two factors: on the one hand, there are factors that one cannot control, including genetics, living environment such as climate, calamities, wars, public hazards, pollution, etc.
On the other hand, it is the “self-discipline, health care, health care” that you can control and dominate. The World Health Organization recently suggested that the length of life of each person depends mostly on how he or she regulates it. Only 15% depends on genetic factors, and only 10% on social factors.
In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standard and the change of lifestyle, the disease structure of our residents is changing. The prevalence of some acute and chronic infectious diseases has decreased significantly, such as influenza, dysentery, hepatitis, etc..
On the contrary, the prevalence of some non-communicable chronic diseases (such as cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc.) has increased sharply. The report of the Statistical Center of the National Ministry of Health shows that currently, cerebrovascular disease ranks among the top three in the mortality rate and composition of major diseases among urban residents in China (the other two are: malignant tumors and heart disease.)
So, what is cerebrovascular disease?
Cerebrovascular disease is a lesion of the brain caused by a lesion of the cerebral blood vessels.
Cerebrovascular disease is also known as stroke, stroke or cerebrovascular accident. It mainly includes hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The more common type of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease is cerebral hemorrhage, and the more typical type of ischemic cerebrovascular disease is cerebral infarction.
Both cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction can cause hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, hemianopia, aphasia, and even coma, which can be life-threatening.
Patients should be alert to the occurrence of cerebrovascular disease if they experience the following symptoms.
1.Weakness, numbness or paralysis on one or both sides of the body, upper limbs, lower limbs or face.
2. Sudden blurring of vision in one or both eyes, or loss of vision, or double vision.
3.Difficulty in verbal expression or comprehension.
4.Dizziness, loss of balance, or any accidental fall, or unsteady gait.
5. Headache (usually severe and sudden).
What should I do if I suspect cerebrovascular disease?
Cerebrovascular disease is an emergency. All emergency measures, admission, CT examination, and neuroprotective treatment must be completed within 6 hours, preferably within 3 hours, so that the patient can receive timely treatment.
Once cerebrovascular disease is suspected, the emergency number 120 (patient’s family or bystanders) should be called immediately, and the patient should be transferred to the nearest hospital as quickly and safely as possible. When the patient arrives at the hospital emergency room, a CT examination of the head should be done urgently to clarify the diagnosis and get treatment as early as possible.
The mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease is very high, and even if the patient’s life is preserved after resuscitation, most of the patients will be left with disabilities, which is very painful for the patients themselves and causes a heavy burden to the family and society. Cerebrovascular disease is very dangerous, but it is not an incurable disease. If we understand its risk factors and take appropriate preventive measures, many cerebrovascular diseases can be avoided.
So, what are the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease?
1, age: the disease is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people over 55 years old.
2, gender: the incidence of men is greater than that of women.
3, family history: people with a family history of cerebrovascular disease have an increased chance of developing cerebrovascular disease.
4, hypertension: hypertension is the most important risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. Blood pressure is directly proportional to the occurrence of cerebrovascular disease. Whether systolic or diastolic blood pressure increases, it can increase the risk of cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction.
5, cerebrovascular developmental abnormalities: such as congenital intracranial aneurysm, cerebrovascular malformation, etc.
6, heart disease: heart disease can increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease. These include rheumatic heart disease, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation and infective endocarditis and other lesions.
7, diabetes: diabetes patients have an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease.
8, hyperlipidemia: hyperlipidemia can promote cerebral atherosclerosis and cause cerebrovascular disease.
9, blood disease and blood rheology abnormalities: blood disease and blood rheology abnormalities can promote cerebrovascular disease.
10, smoking: smoking can increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease.
11, alcohol consumption: excessive alcohol consumption, alcohol abuse and chronic alcoholism are risk factors for cerebrovascular disease.
Among these risk factors, age, gender, family history, abnormal cerebrovascular development and other factors are beyond our control. There are also factors such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking and alcohol consumption, etc. We can control them by changing our habits and going to the hospital early.
How to prevent cerebrovascular disease?
1, middle-aged and elderly people should control high blood pressure. Hypertension is the most dangerous factor for various brain diseases. With hypertension must meet the standard treatment and establish a healthy lifestyle. Measure blood pressure on time, blood pressure number of middle-aged and elderly people within 140-150/80-90, do not exceed 160 Hg.
2. To control blood lipids. The middle-aged and elderly people have their blood lipids quadruple once every six months. To reasonable diet, to balance low fat, including fatty meat, stir-fry oil, stewed vegetables above the oil to fight out do not la. Each meal should not be too much food, the total number of seventy to eighty percent full.
To change the diet of high protein habits. If you eat too much grain, after absorption to the liver, can also be transformed into blood fat caused by obesity. Fatty liver.
Blood cholesterol, triglycerides too much, more than the amount of self needs, but also cause excessive blood fat obesity, blood pressure is easy to rise, and caused by atherosclerosis can also cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis, the light person paraplegia, the heavy person death.
3, abstinence from long-term heavy drinking, alcohol in ethanol, can make cholesterol deposits on the walls of the blood vessels, coupled with triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, platelets and other things to form plaque atherosclerosis, narrowing of the lumen, hardening, loss of elastic fibers in the wall, it is easy to rupture blood loss, chronic blockage of the formation of cerebral thrombosis.
4, long-term smoking, it has been reported that there are about 30 kinds of substances harmful to the human body, the most harmful is nicotine, which can excite the sympathetic nerve, so that blood pressure increases vasoconstriction.
Smoking releases carbon monoxide, to the blood to form a substance called “free radicals”, easy to destroy the integrity of the smooth blood vessel wall, easy to make lipoproteins, platelets, cholesterol, red blood cells deposited in the rough tube wall, the formation of plaque called atherosclerosis, atherosclerosis, the blood pressure rises, resulting in the formation of cerebral thrombosis, brain hemorrhage, cerebral infarction The atherosclerosis causes blood pressure to rise, resulting in cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction.
5, lipoproteins, triglycerides, cholesterol. The concentration in the blood exceeds the normal value can cause atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is necessary to check the four lipids twice a year. Older people should have a physical examination every three months to six months to do electrocardiogram, blood sugar, blood routine, urine routine.
6, pay attention to the diet, basic vegetarian, do not eat animal oil, eat vegetable oil, do not eat egg yolk, fish roe, animal offal.
Daily protein should also be supplemented (with lean pork, beef, lamb, chicken, fish, shrimp, milk).
Eat more green vegetables, containing repair vitamins, potassium, calcium and iron.
In a word, regular physical examination should be conducted, and diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia should be detected, diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
Pay attention to a reasonable diet, quit smoking and limit alcohol, reduce sodium and fat intake, supplement protein in appropriate amounts, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and avoid obesity and overweight. Participate in appropriate sports. Cerebrovascular disease can be prevented.