Congenital heart disease is usually an abnormal heart condition that is present in infants at birth and is referred to as precocious heart disease. The most common congenital heart diseases include atrial septal defect, interventricular fusion defect, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, and tetralogy of Fallot. The pathogenesis of congenital heart disease is complex and there is no definite answer so far, but it can only be said to be the result of the complex interaction of genetic and environmental multiple factors. Congenital heart disease is generally not a genetic disease, but some families have multiple people with congenital heart disease, or among those who are related by blood (such as uncles, aunts, uncles, cousins). For now, the known risk factors for precocious heart disease include: viral infection in early pregnancy, altitude, nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy, lesions of the amniotic membrane, fetal compression, preterm abortion in early pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, hypercalcemia, the use of radiation and cytotoxic drugs in early pregnancy, and the mother being too old. After the child is born, parents should carefully observe whether the child has the following symptoms, if so, the child has a higher possibility of having precordial disease. A part of children with precordial disease will be panting after feeding, cry not loudly, cry short, chest undulation; panic and shortness of breath after activity; prone to pneumonia, often fever requiring infusion or hospitalization. If parents find that their children have these conditions, they should take their children to the hospital as soon as possible for an early diagnosis. In addition, many children with precardiac disease do not have symptoms and their problems are discovered during routine heart examinations. Children with precardiac disease often have heart murmurs, so most babies born in regular hospitals can be detected after an initial screening by an obstetrician. The treatment of pediatric precardiac disease should follow the “three early” principle 1, early detection: parents should understand some of the onset of precardiac disease signals, careful observation of the child, when the child appears abnormal performance, to achieve early detection; 2, early diagnosis: suspected that the child has precardiac disease, to go to the regular hospital in a timely manner. Generally, doctors will diagnose through routine auscultation, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization and cardiovascular angiography. Clinically, due to the different conditions of patients, the examination methods are not set in stone, and the doctor will exercise discretion; 3. Early treatment: Among the three types of pediatric precardiac diseases, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus, a certain percentage of children usually have the possibility of self-healing, and the doctor may recommend observation for a period of time. Other than that, most of the congenital heart diseases require surgical correction, and early treatment is the key to cure for children with congenital heart diseases. Doctor’s tip: Pediatric congenital heart disease is a common disease that seriously endangers children’s physical and mental health, and if left untreated, it can have a great impact on children’s life and learning, and even threaten their lives. Due to the different conditions of patients and the many types of congenital heart disease, the symptoms and examination methods of children are not set in stone, and the treatment means and timing of treatment should be considered according to the specific conditions of patients. However, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are the keys to improve the life treatment and save the lives of the children.