Urine microalbumin is an important indicator for the early diagnosis of glomerular pathology. The reference interval of normal value is random urine microalbumin <30mg/L. If it exceeds the reference interval, it proves that it may be renal disease, but it needs to exclude other disturbing factors such as strenuous exercise and urinary tract infection. In the early stage of many renal diseases, patients will show elevated urinary microalbumin, such as diabetic nephropathy, chronic nephritis, hypertensive nephropathy and so on. Due to abnormal glomerular filtration membrane permeability, it will lead to the appearance of elevated urinary microalbumin. Other factors, such as low water intake, strenuous exercise, high fever, urinary tract infection, etc., can lead to the appearance of elevated urine microalbumin. Therefore, patients with elevated urinary microalbumin are advised to consult regular hospitals, and need to further improve relevant examinations to clarify the diagnosis.