Early manifestations Patients with early stage pancreatic cancer usually do not experience any discomfort, and symptoms will appear only after the tumor has progressed to the middle or late stage, and these symptoms are often not characteristic, so they are easily confused with gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary diseases. The first symptoms are different depending on the location of the cancer. Pancreatic head cancer is most commonly associated with abdominal pain, jaundice, epigastric fullness and discomfort due to its close relationship with the surrounding anatomy such as duodenum and common bile duct. The most common types of pancreatic tail cancer are abdominal pain, epigastric fullness and discomfort, epigastric mass, and low back pain. For total pancreatic cancer, abdominal pain, epigastric fullness and jaundice are the most common. When the first symptom is not correctly diagnosed and treated in time, the symptom will be aggravated, and there are often symptoms such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, black stool, vomiting, weakness and emaciation, etc. In addition, abdominal mass, severe upper abdominal pain, low back pain and other symptoms caused by pancreatic cancer infiltration and compression of the peripheral plexus may also appear. Late stage manifestation The enlargement of liver or gallbladder may occur in the late stage of tumor development, which is due to direct compression of extrahepatic bile duct by pancreatic cancer, or compression by metastatic lymph nodes, adhesions and flexion of bile ducts, resulting in dilatation of bile ducts and gallbladder inside and outside the liver and biliary stasis enlargement in the liver, the degree of enlargement is closely related to the length of medical history and the degree of bile duct compression. The pancreatic gland is deeply hidden in the posterior abdominal wall, so it is difficult to feel it on the body surface. If a pancreatic mass is felt in pancreatic cancer, it is certainly the most powerful basis for diagnosis, but it is mostly in the progressive or advanced stage. At present, the rate of pancreatic cancer in China is still very high, which means that the percentage of progressive or advanced cancer in China is high. In addition, chronic pancreatitis can also be felt as a mass, which is not easily distinguished from the mass of pancreatic cancer. Ascites usually appears in the late stage of pancreatic cancer, mostly due to peritoneal infiltration and spread of the cancer. In addition, ascites is caused by cancer or metastatic lymph nodes compressing portal vein or thrombosis of portal vein or hepatic vein, and ascites can also be caused by malnutrition and hypoproteinemia. Pancreatic cancer ascites is characterized by rapid occurrence of ascites again after water release, elevated amylase in ascites and high protein content. The appearance of ascites does not necessarily mean advanced stage of pancreatic cancer, so do not give up the chance of surgical treatment.