How to treat Williams syndrome

Williams syndrome is a developmental disorder involving multiple organ systems, caused by a deletion of chromosome 7q11.23, with a prevalence of approximately 1/20,000-1/75,000 in the population. clinical features include mild to moderate intellectual disability or learning difficulties, a unique personality, exceptional facial features, and cardiovascular malformations.1. To date, there is no specific treatment, only symptomatic and supportive treatment, which may include early interventions, special education and training, covering a combination of speech, physical, occupational, feeding, and sensory integration therapies, as well as psychological and psychiatric evaluations to provide individualized counseling and medication for patient symptoms such as attention deficit disorder and anxiety.2. Aortic and pulmonary stenosis, mitral valve closure insufficiency or renal stenosis require surgical treatment; in cases of high blood pressure, the use of 3. symptomatic treatment, patients should avoid excessive intake of calcium and vitamin D, for hypercalcemia can be used to regulate diet, hormone oral, etc.; pay attention to dental care, oral cleaning teeth, bite abnormalities can be considered orthopedic; recurrent otitis media, feasible tympanic tube drainage, patients with increased sensitivity to sound should be used ear protection devices; farsightedness need to wear corrective lenses, strabismus can be surgically treated. Prevent complications, appropriate activities, prevent joint contractures, and surgical treatment if necessary. Cardiac electrophysiological examination and adequate anesthetic evaluation should be performed before surgery to exclude repolarization abnormalities and prevent sudden intraoperative death. 5. Regular comprehensive evaluation and review of the child, including growth and development, cardiovascular, neurological, urological, endocrine system, and psychological and behavioral assessment.