Myocarditis is caused by a variety of infectious (e.g. viral infection, bacterial infection, fungal infection, etc.) and non-infectious factors (e.g. drug factors, chemical substances, physical factors, etc.) and is not hereditary, so there is no such thing as congenital myocarditis. Myocarditis can be treated by general treatment, drug treatment, surgery and other methods.
1. General treatment: patients with myocarditis should avoid emotional stimulation and fluctuation, try to choose foods with less salt, and limit the intake of sodium and water.
2. Drug therapy: when patients have heart failure, they need to follow the doctor’s instructions to use anti-heart failure drugs as appropriate, such as enalapril, lenopril, cloxartan, furosemide and so on. If tachyarrhythmia occurs, anti-arrhythmic drugs can be used, such as amiodarone, digoxin and so on.
Specific antiviral therapy, such as acyclovir, vasiclovir, etc., is recommended for patients who have been medically diagnosed with definite viral myocarditis, with persistent viral-associated genes and antigens detected in the endocardium of the myocardium, regardless of whether or not histology is suggestive of inflammatory activity.
In addition, drugs that promote myocardial metabolism such as adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme Q10, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate may be applied.
3. Mechanical circulatory support or surgical treatment: If necessary, surgical methods such as intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation, extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation, and cardiac transplantation can be taken after evaluation by doctors.
It is recommended that patients maintain a good attitude and actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment.