For many people, plastic surgery is a concept that is both familiar and unfamiliar. On the one hand, cosmetic surgery is a hot topic in contemporary society, with columns on almost every major website and many newspaper and television reports; on the other hand, the average person knows little about plastic surgery other than cosmetic surgery. In fact, plastic surgery has been recorded in ancient India for a long time, when there was a punishment of cutting the nose, thus deriving the original surgery of reconstructing the nose for the tortured person. The real meaning of plastic surgery was formed and developed after the First and Second World Stations. In order to treat a large number of facial and limb deformities caused by war injuries, general surgeons, oral surgeons, dentists, ophthalmologists and neurosurgeons from different countries worked together in a multidisciplinary process that gave rise to plastic surgery in the modern sense. After plastic surgery technology slowly matured, people began to have the awareness of cosmetic surgery, since the soldier’s torn face can produce a new face through plastic surgery, why can’t the aging face rejuvenate? Not only do people need to improve their aging faces, but many young people want their youthful faces to be more flawless. With the support of plastic surgery techniques, most cosmetic procedures are safe and can be performed with fine design and perfect preparation to achieve desired surgical results. These procedures include blepharoplasty, rhinoplasty, chin augmentation, breast augmentation, liposuction, wrinkle reduction, and more. However, plastic surgeons are not magicians, and cosmetic surgery can only make minor adjustments and improvements to the person’s original appearance, and there is a price to pay for such things as pain and scarring. Before the surgery, a general examination of the whole body must be performed, especially the psychological state, the heart, liver, kidneys and other major organs. In terms of local examination, attention should be paid to the presence of any infected lesions in the surgical area. If there are diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, surgery should be performed after blood sugar and blood pressure are controlled, which can reduce the possibility of bleeding in the hands and non-healing incisions after surgery. Preoperative examination should also pay attention to differential diagnosis. Cosmetic surgery is generally not difficult to diagnose, but some conditions still require careful examination to rule out other causes of symptoms. For example, ptosis should be distinguished from myasthenia gravis and mandibular transient syndrome. Cosmetic surgery has the same potential risks as other surgical procedures, and in severe cases can affect the patient’s life. Minor cosmetic surgeries such as chin augmentation, rhinoplasty, and blepharoplasty are virtually non-life threatening, but wrinkle removal and jaw angle reshaping carry the possibility of bleeding shock. The most risky is liposuction, with data showing that the mortality rate of liposuction in the U.S. reaches 1/5,000. and some beauty institutions, in order to achieve the effects of commercial propaganda, propose a full range of three-dimensional plastic surgery, a comprehensive improvement of surgery, surgery greedy for more, greedy for more, so that the risk of plastic surgery steeply increased. The superposition of multiple surgical trauma will have a great impact on the body’s ability to balance, leading to a decrease in resistance and increasing the chances of complications. In particular, middle-aged and elderly patients, whose own organism’s ability to compensate decreases, are best advised not to undergo higher risk surgeries at the same time. There are also surgical risks associated with anesthesia. In addition to affecting consciousness and altering pain perception, anesthetic drugs can also interfere with normal physiological functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, so health care providers must fully assess whether patients can afford the negative effects that accompany anesthesia. Sedation can lead to serious consequences, even life-threatening, if there is an accidental aspiration. Even the most common local infiltration anesthesia has the potential to cause allergic reactions. In most cases, there is nothing inherently wrong with cosmetic surgery; it is often the patient’s life that is at risk due to his or her own constitution or anesthesia accidents. This requires the plastic surgeon to have a holistic view of medical treatment, to be aware of the changes in the patient’s vital signs while operating, and to cooperate with the anesthesiologist to ensure the absolute safety of the patient. It is not possible to see the trees but not the forest, resulting in a successful surgery but the person can not stand the consequences. There is no need to worry too much about after-effects when undergoing cosmetic surgery. What is usually referred to as sequelae are: complications that remain after the surgery and are not recoverable. Since cosmetic surgery patients have a relatively healthy body and the surgical damage is mild, the possibility of serious sequelae is very small as long as the indications are well chosen. The more common sequelae are incisional scar growth, which can be done by scar removal. Before surgery, the surgeon should make adequate predictions about the surgical site, the degree of surgical trauma and possible temporary phenomena during the recovery period after surgery, such as: the degree of pain, a small amount of hematoma, skin sensory numbness, swelling, and local movement disorders, and explain them to the patient truthfully. This will help the patient understand the realistic outcome of the procedure. It is also important to remind you that for cosmetic surgery to achieve the desired results, it is crucial to choose a regular hospital and an experienced surgeon. If you choose the right hospital and doctor, the surgery is halfway to success.