Microcarcinoma of thyroid may affect the function of thyroid gland if it is hastily removed by surgery, which may bring a lot of inconvenience in future life, so in recent years, it has been proposed that observation can be the mainstay for this kind of slow-progressing microcarcinoma. In many cases, the growth of microscopic thyroid cancer stops when it reaches 1/3 of a centimeter, so it can be observed all the time, and some patients may avoid surgical treatment as a result. In addition, according to some reports of microcarcinoma of the thyroid, it is found that even if the progression to early surgery, or postponement of surgery, the difference in the overall prognosis of the patients is not significant, i.e., observation will not delay the patient’s treatment outcome. However, some micropapillary thyroid may develop lymph node metastasis, or tumor extravasation during observation, which may lead to the expansion of the scope of surgery, and the overall postoperative recurrence rate of the patients has been increased, which may also have some impact on the overall survival. Patients should pay attention to the diet to avoid high iodine, spicy, stimulation, high sugar, high fat diet, avoid drinking alcohol, and at the same time maintain a good and relaxed state of mind, and actively cooperate with the doctor for observation and corresponding treatment.