Congenital heart disease is the most common type of congenital malformation. It is a heart vascular malformation caused by abnormal development of the heart vessels during fetal life and is the most common heart disease in pediatrics. The main symptoms are: cyanosis, heart murmur, poor physical strength, susceptibility to respiratory infections, poor development, etc. In the past 20 years, due to the development of advanced modern examination techniques (such as cardiac catheterization, cardiovascular angiography, color Doppler echocardiography and nuclear cardiovascular angiography, etc.) and the progress of hypothermic anesthesia, extracorporeal circulation and cardiac surgery, many common congenital heart diseases can be accurately diagnosed and cured, and some complex heart malformations can be treated surgically. Only a few types of congenital heart disease in general can recover naturally, while some will gradually increase in complications and get worse as they get older. So choosing the right treatment for your condition is especially important here. Generally speaking, there are various treatments for congenital heart disease, such as surgery and interventional treatment. The choice of treatment and the most appropriate time for surgery should be based on the condition and recommended by a cardiologist for the specific situation of the child. Simple and mild anomalies such as atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects that are small in diameter have no significant impact on hemodynamics and can be treated for life without any treatment. The no-shunt category or left-to-right shunt category has a good outcome and a better prognosis after timely passage through surgery. Those with right-to-left shunt or compound malformations, which are more severe, are complicated and difficult to operate on, and some patients cannot be completely corrected due to imperfect development of certain cardiac structures and can only undergo palliative surgery to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Severe congenital heart disease such as complete transposition of the great arteries or hypoplastic left heart syndrome must be operated immediately after birth, otherwise the child will not survive. Interventional treatment of congenital heart disease can be understood as the treatment of congenital heart disease without surgery. It is a treatment method that uses a catheter, under the fluoroscopic view of a large X-ray machine, to deliver the devices needed for treatment through the femoral artery or femoral vein to the heart abnormality for blockage, balloon dilation or embolization to achieve the goal of radical cure of congenital heart disease. Interventional treatment partially replaces, but does not yet completely replace, surgical open-heart surgery, and the technique has strict indications. The advantage is that it is less invasive, avoiding open chest, general anesthesia and extracorporeal circulation, and basically no blood transfusion; the disadvantage is that there are strict requirements for case selection, and if the selection is not appropriate, the safety may be worse than that of surgery. At present, interventional techniques are mainly applied to some simple congenital heart diseases, in addition, interventional techniques can also be used for lesions that cannot be reached by surgical procedures. The surgical treatment of congenital heart disease usually adopts the classical and traditional surgical method, which has the advantage that the technology is very mature and can be applied to the treatment of various congenital heart diseases, but it requires opening the chest cavity and is more traumatic. Therefore, congenital heart disease treatment should be based on their own conditions and the doctor’s recommendations to choose the appropriate treatment time and treatment method to fundamentally achieve a cure and return the patient to a healthy life.