Acne occurs on the cheeks, forehead, jaw, chest, back, scalp, shoulders and other areas of sebaceous gland secretion, common causes include abnormal androgen levels, sebum secretion, keratinization of cells around the hair follicle, bacterial infection, heredity, diet, the environment, psychology and so on.
1. Abnormal androgen levels: Usually, men and women who enter puberty will have a high secretion of androgens due to the need for growth and development, or an imbalance in the levels of male and female hormones due to other factors, resulting in an exuberant secretion of sebaceous glands and the emergence of acne.
2. Exuberant sebum secretion: Sebaceous glands secrete more sebum for microorganisms to grow on the skin, providing an anaerobic environment, and Propionibacterium acnes, which can easily multiply and cause acne.
3. Abnormal keratinization of perifollicular cells: Excessive keratinization of perifollicular cells can easily lead to smaller and narrower follicle openings, affecting the normal excretion of sebum, and the excess sebum and keratin plugs will accumulate in the follicle openings, forming acne.
4. Bacterial infection: Propionibacterium acnes overproliferates, and its metabolites can trigger an inflammatory reaction, leading to inflammatory papules.
5. Heredity: Acne often occurs in families.
6. Diet: Acne is easily triggered by excessive spicy and stimulating food, high sugar and greasy food.
7. Environment: Acne is more likely to be induced by prolonged exposure to high heat and poorly ventilated environments, such as kitchens and workshops.
8. Psychological:Long-term stress, nervousness, anxiety and depression are also one of the triggers of acne.
There are many causes of acne, and patients are advised to avoid the triggers and get timely treatment.