The natural vector of malaria is the Anopheles mosquito, and people can be infected by the bite of an infectious female. Occasionally, malaria can be transmitted by importing blood with Plasmodium or by using syringes contaminated with Plasmodium blood. Rarely, the fetus is infected through the placenta. Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium, which causes Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium trisomy 21, Plasmodium falciparum, and Plasmodium ovale, respectively. The disease is characterized by regular periodic attacks, generalized chills, fever, and excessive sweating, and can cause anemia and splenomegaly after multiple attacks over a long period of time. The onset of the disease is more frequent in summer and autumn. In tropical and subtropical areas, the disease can occur throughout the year and is easily prevalent. It is most prevalent in Africa in particular. Typical malaria attacks are periodic, with intermittent episodes of fever and chills. The chills last for 10 minutes to 2 hours, followed by a rapid rise in body temperature, often reaching 40℃ or higher, flushing, dry and hot skin, and irritability, and after the fever lasts for 2-6 hours, the whole body sweats profusely, and the body temperature drops to normal or below normal after sweating profusely. After a period of interval, the above intermittent regular chills and high fever episodes start to repeat again. Among the several kinds of malaria, P. falciparum is the most serious, with varying degrees of urgency of onset and variable clinical manifestations. The initial entry is often intermittent fever or irregular, and the fever continues to be high for more than 20 hours in the later stage, even once it is over, followed by another attack, and the fever cannot be completely reduced; 3, the reduction of fever and sweating is not obvious or no sweating; 4, the spleen is large and the anemia is severe; 5, it can lead to dangerous attacks; 6, Plasmodium can be detected in the blood in the prodromal phase; there is no recurrence. The fatal malaria 88.3-100% is caused by falciparum malaria, and cerebral malaria is the most common. The characteristics of malaria are as follows: 1) It often appears 2 to 5 days after the onset of general fever, and a few patients suddenly faint; 2) Severe headache, nausea and vomiting; 3) Disorders of consciousness, including restlessness, drowsiness and coma; 4) Convulsions, which can occur in half of the patients and more often in children; 5) If treatment is not timely, cerebral edema can develop, leading to respiratory, circulatory or renal failure; 6) The spleen is enlarged on examination, and 2/3 of the patients have enlarged liver and spleen at the time of coma. The liver and spleen are enlarged at the time of coma; anemia, jaundice, and skin bleeding can be seen; neurological examination, positive meningeal stimulation signs, and pathological reflexes can be seen; 7, laboratory tests: blood smear can be found in Plasmodium. Lumbar puncture cerebrospinal fluid pressure is increased, and the cell count is often below 50 cells/ um, mainly lymphocytes; biochemical examination is normal. The initial symptoms of malaria are similar to those of the flu, including intermittent fever and chills and headache, and can lead to complications such as pulmonary edema, liver and kidney failure, anemia, and even coma. In the later stage, if not treated, serious complications such as cerebral malaria and black fever urine may occur and even lead to death. P. falciparum fever malaria can cause serious complications and spread to kidney, liver and brain blood. To control and prevent malaria, the health policy of prevention must be implemented seriously. Correctly treat patients with current illnesses, control them as soon as possible, and eradicate them; provide respite treatment or anti-relapse treatment for those with worms. Cut off the transmission route, use mosquito nets correctly in the mosquito season, and use anti-mosquito agents and anti-mosquito equipment when on duty outdoors. Mosquito measures in addition to the application of mosquito control agents in large areas, the amount of important is to eliminate stagnant water, eradicate mosquito breeding places.