Neonatal blood culture is mainly to check whether the baby has neonatal sepsis. Neonatal sepsis is a serious bacterial or fungal infection, and the baby will have a series of clinical manifestations such as fever or low body temperature, poor response, not eating milk, little movement, blurred skin color, and increased heart rate. Blood culture is the gold standard for neonatal sepsis, but there are some children who have negative blood culture after the onset of sepsis, and then the clinician will mainly base on the child’s clinical manifestations and other auxiliary tests, such as routine blood tests, C-reactive protein, calcitoninogen, interleukin-6 and other related tests to make a judgment. Neonatal sepsis belongs to the neonatology of acute and critical diseases, should be timely detection, timely treatment, because neonatal sepsis is easy to combine with the central nervous system infection, some will be left behind the sequelae of the nervous system.