With the social and economic development, the incidence of atopic dermatitis is increasing and has become one of the common diseases in dermatology, which has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. It is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disease in which patients often have intense itching that affects their lives and studies. The development of atopic dermatitis is closely related to factors such as genetics and environment , and the probability of developing the disease increases significantly in those whose family members, such as parents, have a history of allergic diseases, but there are also many patients with no significant family history, so it is currently believed that the disease is a disease that occurs as a result of a combination of genetics and environment. It is generally believed to be based on genetic factors, due to allergen entry and microbial colonization (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Malassezia), resulting in an abnormal skin immune response and inflammation that triggers rash and pruritus, which can be further aggravated by adverse stimuli such as scratching and excessive washing. The most basic clinical features of the disease are dry skin, chronic eczema-like dermatitis, and intense pruritus. The majority of cases begin in infancy and early childhood, and some can occur in childhood and adulthood. If a patient presents with chronic symmetrical eczema-like dermatitis, the possibility of atopic dermatitis should be suspected and tests for peripheral blood eosinophil count, total serum IgE, eosinophil cationic protein, inhaled allergens, ingested allergens and patch test are recommended. The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis should be considered based on a combination of history, clinical presentation, family history and laboratory evidence. The aim of treatment for this disease is to relieve or eliminate clinical symptoms, eliminate triggering and aggravating factors, reduce and prevent recurrence, and improve the patient’s quality of life. Formal and good treatment can result in complete remission or significant improvement of the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and the patient can enjoy a normal life. First of all, patient education is very important, and physicians should explain the nature, clinical features and precautions of the disease to patients and families. Doctors and patients should establish a long-term and good doctor-patient relationship and cooperate with each other in order to obtain the best possible results. The patient’s underwear should be cotton and loose; violent scratching and friction should be avoided; attention should be paid to maintaining appropriate environmental temperature and humidity and minimizing allergens in the living environment, such as changing clothes and bed sheets, not keeping pets, not laying carpets, and keeping fewer flowers and plants; avoiding alcohol and spicy food, avoiding allergenic food, and observing whether dermatitis and pruritus worsen after eating protein-based food. The doctor should also explain to the patient how to use the medication, the expected efficacy and possible side effects, and remind the patient to follow up regularly, etc. Good patient education can significantly improve the efficacy of treatment. Bathing: Basic skin care is very important for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, and bathing helps to remove or reduce epidermal dirt and microorganisms by bathing at a suitable water temperature (32-40 °C) once or twice a day for 10-15 min. 6). If the skin is significantly dry, reduce the number of cleansing products used and choose fragrance-free cleansing products as much as possible. Use topical moisturizers and emollients immediately after drying the skin after bathing. Restoring and maintaining the skin barrier function: Topical emollients are the basic treatment for atopic dermatitis and help restore the skin barrier function. Emollients not only stop the evaporation of water, but also repair the damaged skin and diminish the irritation of exogenous adverse factors, thus reducing the number and severity of attacks. Emollients with a hydrophilic base should be used at least twice a day, and moisturizers and emollients should be used immediately after bathing, and patients are advised to choose the right emollients for themselves. The first line of treatment for atopic dermatitis is topical glucocorticosteroids (or hormones as they are usually called). The topical hormones are economical, convenient and effective, but should be done under the guidance of a doctor. Many patients and parents are afraid of hormones because they think they have obvious side effects and are easily dependent on them, etc. In fact, the skin absorption of topical drugs is very small (generally 1%-2%), and the systemic absorption is even smaller, so the correct and regular use of glucocorticoids is the most important treatment method at present. As long as patients and parents choose different dosage forms and strengths of hormone preparations according to age, nature of skin lesions, location and degree of disease, they can quickly and effectively control inflammation and reduce symptoms with as few side effects as possible. Generally, hormone can be used twice a day when inflammation is obvious, and gradually transition to moderate to weak hormone or tacrolimus ointment after inflammation control; moderate to weak hormone is recommended for the face, neck and folds, and long-term use of strong hormone should be avoided. Hormone shampoos or tinctures can be used on the scalp. For pediatric patients, try to use medium to weak hormones or dilute hormone creams with emollients appropriately. For hypertrophic lesions, encapsulation therapy can be used. After the condition is controlled, the encapsulation should be discontinued and the number and dosage of hormones should be gradually reduced. After the acute stage is under control, the treatment should be gradually changed to maintenance therapy, i.e. 2-3 times a week, which can effectively reduce recurrence. Try to avoid the long-term use of hormones in a large area. 2, topical anti-microbial agents: as bacteria, fungal colonization or secondary infection can trigger or aggravate the disease, for heavy patients, especially with exudative lesions, systemic or topical antimicrobial agents are beneficial to disease control, the use of drugs to 1-2 weeks is appropriate, should avoid long-term use. If viral infection is suspected or confirmed, antiviral agents should be used. Other topical medications: zinc oxide oil (paste), black bean distillate ointment, etc. are also effective for atopic dermatitis, physiological sodium chloride solution, 1-3% boric acid solution and other wet dressing drugs for atopic dermatitis acute exudation has a better effect, Doxepin cream and some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have anti-itch effect. 3, systemic treatment: antihistamines and anti-inflammatory mediators: for patients with obvious itching or with sleep disorders, urticaria, allergic rhinitis and other comorbidities, first- or second-generation antihistamines can be used, of which first-generation antihistamines can help patients improve itching and sleep because they can pass the blood-brain barrier. Other antiallergic and anti-inflammatory agents include thromboxane A2 inhibitors, leukotriene receptor antagonists, and mast cell membrane stabilizers. Glycopyrrolate preparations, calcium and probiotics may be used as adjunctive therapy. In conclusion, during the treatment of atopic dermatitis, great attention should be paid to doctor-patient cooperation, and a good doctor-patient relationship should be established. Doctors should pay attention to patient (including the patient’s family) education, when the patient is first seen, should make a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s medical history, disease duration, lesion area and severity, etc., determine the treatment plan, and strive to control the disease in a short period of time; patients and parents should use drugs regularly and correctly under the guidance of the doctor, only with the standard and continuous treatment, the disease can generally obtain a very good clinical remission, so that the disease on life and The impact of the disease on life and learning is minimized.