Pneumothorax alveolar resection is a surgery that is needed to remove the alveoli because of their large size and number, repeated rupture, formation of pneumothorax or hemopneumothorax, which affects normal breathing. 1. First of all, you should make good preoperative preparation. This includes quitting smoking for 1-2 weeks before the operation, perfecting the relevant preoperative examinations and tests, such as chest CT, etc., making a clear diagnosis, evaluating the patient’s condition in detail, and determining the size and location of the alveoli, so as to provide a scientific basis for the next operation. 2. The first step of the surgical procedure is to perform general anesthesia and complete endotracheal intubation to assist ventilation. After successful anesthesia, it is necessary to position the patient in a side-lying position at 90°. 3. Surgery is usually performed under thoracoscopy, in the chest wall on the side with alveoli, make 1~3 two-centimeter incisions, establish a good field of view of the laparoscope, the base of the small alveoli for ligation and cut off the excess alveolar wall or the base of the large alveoli for incision, the leakage of the site of the suture, and pleural fixation, which can effectively reduce the probability of pneumothorax. 4. Postoperative closed chest drainage is required, as well as continued use of antibiotics, expectorant and asthma medications, such as cefuroxime and aminophylline. Before performing pneumothorax alveolar resection, the surgeon will explain in detail a series of precautions such as the specific way of surgery and the surgical method, fully fulfill the informed consent, and only after the patient agrees to the surgical treatment.