Treatment methods for lung squamous carcinoma caused by long-term smoking mainly include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, etc. Individualized treatment should be formulated according to the comprehensive judgment of clinical TNM staging and systemic condition of patients at the time of diagnosis. 1. Surgery: For early stage squamous lung cancer patients who have not developed distant metastasis, the diseased tissues can be removed by surgery. 2. Chemotherapy: If patients have developed distant metastasis and spread, they can consider receiving chemotherapy to kill malignant tumor cells. Commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs in clinic include cisplatin, carboplatin, docetaxel and so on. 3. Radiotherapy: for lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, full-dose radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is the main treatment mode; for lung cancer with distant metastasis, radiotherapy is generally used for symptomatic treatment, which is a palliative treatment method; for some early stage lung cancer patients who cannot tolerate surgery due to old age or vital organs such as heart and lungs, radiotherapy can also be used as a localized treatment means. Radiotherapy can be combined with chemotherapy to improve the therapeutic effect. 4. Targeted therapy: the treatment for tumor-specific and tumor-dependent driver gene abnormality has strong targeting, good therapeutic effect on the tumor, and mild side effects. 5. Immunotherapy: monoclonal antibody drugs targeting the pathway of programmed cell death molecule 1 (PD-1) and its receptor (PD-L1) that inhibit T cells can correct the immune response inhibited by PD-L1 molecules expressed by lung cancer cells, and thus specifically kill the tumor. Commonly used drugs such as navumab and pembrolizumab. Treatment options for squamous lung cancer caused by long-term smoking need to be chosen according to the patient’s specific situation, and it is recommended to receive treatment under the guidance of a specialized respiratory or thoracic surgeon.