Low density shadow in the vertebral body may be caused by lumbar degenerative lesions, bone spurs, hemangioma and other diseases. 1. Degenerative lesions of the lumbar spine: Degenerative lesions of the lumbar spine may be caused by the natural aging of the lumbar spine, strain caused by long-term abnormal stress, heredity, ligament degeneration, and sedentary activities. Patients may detect low-density shadows in the vertebral body during imaging tests. Patients can manifest as low back pain, sciatica, limb numbness, etc. 2. Bone spurs: Bone spurs are caused by aging of bone joints, osteoarthritis, mechanical stimulation, overweight and other factors. The imaging of patients can be manifested as low density shadow in vertebral body, and most of the patients have no obvious symptoms. When the bone spur compresses the surrounding nerves and soft tissues, the symptoms such as lumbar back pain and limited lumbar activities can appear. 3. Hemangioma: the low density shadow in vertebral body is also considered to be caused by hemangioma, the etiology of hemangioma is not yet clear, which may be caused by the imbalance of balance between angiogenic factor and angiogenic inhibitory factor, the extracellular matrix and protease expression changes and other factors. Patients may present with congestive plaques, papules, and nodules on the surface of the skin. There are many causes of intravertebral hypodense shadow, and patients are advised to take further examination to clarify the cause.