The incidence of gallbladder disease has tended to increase each year in recent years, with thousands of people having their diseased gallbladders removed each year. In the general surgery wards of many hospitals, cholecystectomy has become an abdominal procedure second only to or as common as appendectomy. One might ask if a person’s health will be affected by the removal of the gallbladder. The function of the gallbladder is to store bile and concentrate bile. When the gallbladder has inflammation and stones, the inflammatory edema of the gallbladder wall and the long-term stimulation of stones can cause fibrosis of the gallbladder wall, weaken or disappear the concentration function, and even form purulent bile when it is infected. The gallbladder has become a pathogenic focus at this time, which is harmful but not beneficial to human body. Therefore, keeping a gallbladder with stones and inflammation in such patients can do more harm than good. However, the need for cholecystectomy in asymptomatic gallbladder stones is still debated. Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic gallbladder stones should not be removed to prevent possible complications unless the stones are >2 cm or <3 mm in diameter. After all, the gallbladder is an organ in the body and its removal is unlikely to have no effect on the body. We can treat the biliary system as the Yangtze River basin, in which the liver is like the origin of the Yangtze River, the extrahepatic bile duct is like the main channel of the Yangtze River, and the gallbladder is equivalent to Dongting Lake or Poyang Lake along the Yangtze River. The bile from each tributary flows into the main channel of the Yangtze River and is partially stored in the gallbladder. At the mouth of the Yangtze River (the end of the common bile duct) there is a physiological ramp (Oddi sphincter) that controls the flow of bile into the duodenum. Imagine what would happen if the Yangtze River did not have Dongting Lake. What would happen to the water level of the Yangtze River and the pressure on the physiological ramus downstream of the Yangtze River? This may be the main reason why common bile duct stones may still occur several years after gallbladder removal surgery. On the other hand, without the gallbladder, there will be a constant flow of bile into the intestine, where the unabsorbed bile acids are degraded by bacteria in the colon to form lithobiliary acids. Lithobolic acid is not absorbed and has a strong irritating effect on the intestine, which is the reason why some patients who have had their gallbladder removed develop diarrhea. This increased frequency of colon irritation is characterized by a strong feeling of bowel movement before stooling and immediate relief afterwards. The association between gallbladder removal and colon cancer is less sensational and has been disproved by evidence-based medicine.