EBV infection is a risk factor for a variety of malignant tumors, and leukemia belongs to one of the malignant tumors. EBV infection, which is commonly seen in children as infectious mononucleosis, is an acute infectious disease, which is mainly characterized by fever, enlargement of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes, and a marked increase in the proportion of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood with the appearance of heterogeneous lymphocytes. Specific symptoms vary from person to person. EBV infection can also lead to EBV-associated hemophilic syndrome, which can be manifested as a reduction of the three lineages, fever, multiple plasma cavities, etc., requiring chemotherapy, etc., and needs to be detected as early as possible and treated as early as possible. Leukemia is caused by viral infections, but rarely by EBV. The correlation between the two is still under further study.