Three common treatments for gallbladder cancer According to Massachusetts Medical International, the risk factors related to the development of gallbladder cancer are age, gender, race, diet, hormone, bacterial infection, gallbladder stones and so on. The risk factors of gallbladder cancer are: 1. Gallbladder cancer occurs in women over 60 years old, especially when gallbladder stones are larger than 2.5cm, repeated friction and stimulation of gallbladder wall by the stones can induce gallbladder cancer; 2. Calcification of gallbladder wall, which is also known as porcelain gallbladder, is the result of long-term inflammation of gallbladder wall; 3. Abnormal pancreaticobiliary ductal juiciness (APBDJ) is also a susceptible factor of biliary tract tumors, especially gallbladder cancer; 4. Cancerous lesion of gallbladder Pre-cancerous lesions of the gallbladder, such as gallbladder polyps with a diameter greater than 1.0 cm and adenomyosis; 5. Atrophic cholecystitis. At present, there is a lack of specific tumor markers for the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer, which mainly relies on imaging diagnosis. In recent years, with the wide application of ultrasound, CT and MRI, the diagnosis rate of gallbladder cancer has been improved, but the early diagnosis rate is still low. To improve the early diagnosis rate of gallbladder cancer, the first step is to improve the diagnosis level of primary hospitals, because the vast majority of such patients had been examined in primary hospitals first. Busy outpatient working conditions and lack of vigilance on the part of the examiners in the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer may result in missed diagnosis. Therefore, strengthening publicity and education on the vigilance of gallbladder cancer diagnosis is an important way to improve the early diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. At present, there is no very effective means to cure gallbladder cancer, but as long as we pay attention to these susceptibility factors and common symptoms of gallbladder cancer, we can maximize the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer at the current medical level. Clinically, there are also some patients who have undergone cholecystectomy for gallstones and polyps, but the pathology of gallbladder cancer is found accidentally, and this part is usually called “accidental gallbladder cancer”. For those early gallbladder cancers which are limited to mucosa and muscle layer, they can survive for a long time without the need of further enlargement surgery. Therefore, early detection of gallbladder cancer and timely treatment are crucial to the prognosis of gallbladder cancer. Surgery Early gallbladder cancer used to think that cholecystectomy can achieve the therapeutic purpose, but now most scholars support that early gallbladder cancer should also undergo radical surgery. In middle and late stage gallbladder cancer, extended cholecystectomy should be performed, which refers to the extended resection of the gallbladder and the surrounding 2cm of liver tissue, clearing the lymphatic drainage area around the gallbladder, such as the portal vein, hepatic artery and the perihepatic bile ducts, etc., so as to achieve that there is no residual cancer at the margin of the incision. Radiotherapy To prevent and reduce local recurrence, radiotherapy as an adjuvant treatment for gallbladder cancer can improve the five-year survival rate. Radiotherapy for gallbladder cancer includes external irradiation, intraoperative radiotherapy and brachytherapy. There is no recognized chemotherapy program that can effectively control gallbladder cancer. Molecular targeted therapy In recent years, molecular targeted drugs have been progressing rapidly, they mainly inhibit tumor growth by regulating the signal transduction pathway of cell proliferation, the transduction pathway of regulating angiogenesis, and the transduction of the loss of function of tumor suppressor genes. Currently, more molecular targeting targets are HER-2, VEGF, EGFR and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, etc. There is no clear fixed target for gallbladder cancer at present, so molecular targeting drugs can be applied selectively to the resected lesions of the patients with the detection of the above targets. It is recommended that patients with a history of gallbladder disease must pay attention to their daily diet, and remember to eat breakfast, not on an empty stomach. In addition, we should pay attention to the daily routine, do not give ourselves too much mental pressure, maintain a good state of mind, for the prevention of gallbladder cancer is very effective.