Due to the change of people’s lifestyle and the intensification of population aging, the trend of increasing the prevalence of coronary heart disease in China is unabated, and the number of people surviving with the disease is increasing year by year, which poses a serious health risk to people and will become a heavy burden to families and society. Experience from developed countries shows that active preventive interventions for all aspects of coronary heart disease can effectively stop its increasing trend and improve the prognosis of those who have already suffered from coronary heart disease. Prevention of coronary heart disease is divided into primary prevention and secondary prevention. Prevention in people who do not have coronary heart disease is called primary prevention, which aims to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease in this population by cultivating a healthy lifestyle and controlling the risk factors that cause the disease, aiming at not developing or reducing the risk of developing the disease. The targets of primary prevention can be further divided into two types: high-risk groups and general population. The basic measures for primary prevention are to change unhealthy lifestyles, encourage participation in physical activities, adhere to aerobic metabolic exercise, and promote healthy diet and smoking cessation. The focus of primary prevention is on effective intervention of blood glucose, blood lipids and blood pressure. Prevention in patients with existing coronary artery disease and/or other atherosclerosis is called secondary prevention. The goal of secondary prevention is to prevent recurrence or exacerbation of the disease through pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic measures to prevent acute coronary events, prolong patient survival, reduce complications, and decrease mortality. Studies have found that approximately 70% of coronary deaths and 50% of myocardial infarctions occur in patients with established coronary artery disease, and that patients with coronary artery disease are 4-7 times more likely to experience or have recurrent fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarctions than those without coronary artery disease. A large body of research evidence shows that effective secondary prevention improves overall survival, improves quality of life, reduces the need for revascularization, and decreases the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery disease. Standardized preventive behavior is an essential prerequisite for adequate patient benefit. The American Heart Association (AHA) published the first guidelines for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in 1995 and revised them twice, in 2001 and 2006, based on accumulating evidence-based medical evidence, which provides a guideline for standardized preventive behaviors and comprehensive control of risk factors. The main content of secondary prevention is to actively intervene to prevent recurrence and progression of the disease by targeting the risk factors that are recognized to have a clear causal relationship with coronary heart disease, including: i. Smoking cessation. Smoking can lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction, promote lesion progression, induce coronary artery spasm, and reduce the anti-ischemic effect of β-blockers, which can double the mortality rate after AMI. The risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction within two years after stopping smoking can be reduced to a level similar to that of never-smoking patients. The benefit of smoking cessation is clear and is a very cost-effective lifestyle modification. The goal for patients with coronary artery disease is complete cessation of active smoking and avoidance of passive smoking. It is recommended to ask about smoking cessation at each follow-up visit and follow-up, to counsel all smokers to quit, to evaluate the smoker’s willingness to quit, to help develop a cessation plan, to schedule follow-up visits, to provide specific cessation procedures, or to give pharmacotherapy, and to urge patients to avoid exposure to smoking in the workplace and within the home. Medication refers to nicotine replacement therapy or the application of butalbital (bupropion). Nicotine mouth gum and patches can reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms in patients, but because of the sympathomimetic effects of the active ingredient nicotine, these preparations should not be used during acute episodes of coronary artery disease. However, the nicotine content of mouth gum and patches is significantly lower than that of cigarettes, making them preferable to cigarettes if the patient is rapidly quitting smoking. Butyrophenone is an atypical antidepressant that may reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms in quitters and may reduce weight gain due to smoking cessation. Its efficacy for smoking cessation is similar to that of nicotine replacement therapy, about twice that of the control group. When combined with behavioral guidance, the success rate of smoking cessation after one year is about 30%. Because it is a non-nicotine preparation, it can be used in combination with nicotine replacement therapy. A clinical trial showed that butalbital combined with nicotine patches was significantly more effective than nicotine patches alone. The side effects of the drug are insomnia and dry mouth, and may increase the chance of seizures, so it is not recommended for people with a history of epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke, anorexia and bulimia, and should not be used with monoamine oxidation inhibitors. Second, improve lifestyle. Emphasize the importance of non-pharmacological therapy to change poor habits and maintain a healthy lifestyle to help control hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes and reduce the risk of progression and recurrence of coronary artery disease. In addition to smoking cessation, it mainly includes the use of reasonable diet, increasing physical activity, strengthening weight management and maintaining psychological balance. The WHO recommends that the daily salt intake should not exceed 6 g. About 80% of the sodium in China’s diet comes from cooking or salted foods, so the first step in salt restriction is to reduce the use of salt in cooking and seasonings with high salt content, and to reduce the consumption of various salted vegetables and salted foods. (2) reduce dietary fat, supplemented with an appropriate amount of high-quality protein. Studies have found that the incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease is much higher in northern residents who eat meat with a high fat content than in southern residents who eat fish with a high quality protein content in their diet. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the structure of animal food, reduce pork and beef and lamb with high fat content, and increase poultry and fish with higher protein and less fat. (3) Eat more vegetables and fruits. (4) Limit alcohol consumption. Although studies have shown that small amounts of alcohol may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, there is a linear correlation between alcohol consumption and blood pressure levels and the prevalence of hypertension, and large amounts of alcohol can trigger cardiovascular events, so small amounts of alcohol are not advocated to prevent coronary heart disease. For patients who cannot abstain from alcohol, it is recommended that the daily alcohol intake should not exceed 30 grams for men, i.e. less than 100-150 ml (2-3 taels) of wine, and half the amount for women, and no alcohol for pregnant women. The WHO’s new recommendation for alcohol is: the less the better. 2. Physical activity. The goal is regular exercise 7 days a week, at least 5 days, for not less than 30 minutes each time. All patients should be routinely asked about physical activity and exercise habits, and an exercise load test should be done for risk assessment to guide the prescription of exercise and to determine the type, intensity, frequency and duration of exercise based on the patient’s overall physical health and strength. All patients are encouraged to perform at least 30-60 minutes of moderate intensity exercise at a time, such as walking, jogging, tai chi, gateball, qigong and other aerobic, stretching and muscle strengthening exercises, and to increase physical activity in daily life such as intermittent exercise at work, tidying up the garden and household activities. For high-risk patients who have had recent episodes of acute coronary syndrome or have had hemodynamic reconstruction treatment, exercise is recommended under reasonable medical guidance. 3. Weight management. The goal is to control the body mass index (BMI) at 18.5-24.9 kg/m2.