(a) Diet and exercise are the basic measures to control hyperglycemia in diabetes. If a patient has typical symptoms or has severe hyperglycemia, diet and lifestyle changes are difficult to bring the blood glucose control up to the standard, drug therapy should be used promptly. (b) For diabetic patients with ischemic stroke or TIA, it is recommended to be as close to normal level as possible without hypoglycemia. Blood glucose control goals must follow the principle of individualization, and should not be too strict in the elderly, patients with a history of severe or frequent hypoglycemia, and those with severe comorbidities. (c) Patients with diabetes should be given stricter control of blood pressure and blood lipids. Although all types of antihypertensive drugs are suitable for blood pressure control, most patients require more than 1 agent. Because ACEIs and ARBs are beneficial in preventing renal damage, they are recommended as the drug of choice for diabetic patients.