Rotational deformity of lower limbs

  The inward pointing of the toes (clubfoot) is relatively common and most will correct naturally.  There are three conditions of clubfoot that the doctor can determine: (1) hooked foot (2) tibial rotation (3) femoral rotation Hooked foot: Hooked foot is the result of prenatal fetal position.  Most hooked feet require no treatment special treatment will be somewhat corrected within the first month and will improve greatly within 3 years of age.  A small number of hooked feet are stiff and persistent and cannot be improved, in which case a cast or brace is needed to correct the condition. Special shoes are not effective.  Tibial rotation: Tibial rotation is the inward rotation of the lower leg. This variation is a normal change and is common in infants.  Splints, functional exercises, braces or orthopedic shoes will not correct the rotation and may be harmful. Most tibial rotations will correct naturally in infancy and early childhood without treatment.  Femoral rotation: Femoral rotation is a rotation of the thigh bone that can cause the lower leg to rotate inward. The cause of femoral rotation is unknown. Femoral rotation is most severe at the age of 5-6 years and most children correct naturally at the age of 10 years.  Special insoles and supports will not change this change, but will only make the child uncomfortable, shy and hinder play.