The progress of Chinese medicine and combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment for rectal cancer Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in the colorectum, which is one of the common malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, among which rectal cancer is the second most common cancer in the gastrointestinal tract, seriously threatening human life and health. The incidence of rectal cancer is higher than that of colon cancer among Chinese and Westerners, about 115:1, and the proportion of low-grade rectal cancer is high, accounting for 65% to 75% of rectal cancer, and most cancers can be detected during rectal finger examination. Despite the above epidemiological characteristics, because of the insidious onset of colorectal cancer and non-specific symptoms at the early stage, patients are easily mistaken for “colitis” and “hemorrhoids” and delay the treatment, therefore, fewer patients visit the clinic in the early stage of colorectal cancer, and most of them are in the middle and late stage when specific symptoms appear. Patients with specific symptoms are mostly in the middle and late stages. Yang Jing, Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine The similar clinical manifestations of rectal cancer are mostly described in “blood”, “dirty poison”, “locked hemorrhoids” and other diseases. The root cause of tumor development is the deficiency of vital energy, which should be identified from the weakness of spleen and stomach, deficiency of qi and blood, and deficiency of liver and kidney yin. Stasis, toxicity, dampness and phlegm are the main causes of late stage intestinal cancer. Surgery is the first treatment for rectal cancer, and systemic treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, Chinese medicine, etc.) is combined with the early and late stage of the disease. Especially in the middle and late stages, the comprehensive treatment after surgery is especially important. In recent years, research has proved that Chinese medicine has definite efficacy in the treatment of colorectal cancer, which can prolong the survival period, improve the quality of life, control pain, etc. It is encouraging to see that the combination with chemotherapy can increase the efficacy and reduce the toxicity. The current status of research on the combination of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of this disease is reviewed as follows. Chinese medicine treatment is one of the main methods in the treatment of tumor in Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine believes that colorectal cancer is mostly caused by spleen deficiency and dysfunction due to living in wet places for a long time, poor diet, prolonged diarrhea and dysentery, internal invasion of external evil, imbalance of camp health, internal growth of dampness and heat, which leads to tumor in the large intestine and contains poison. When the evil is in place, its qi must be deficient, the positive qi is not enough, the poisonous evil is trapped in the large intestine, coalescing into drink, heat injures the blood, the poisonous evil stagnates in the intestine, invading the anus, and becomes intestinal gangrene. On the evidence, it can be divided into two categories: deficiency, namely, liver, spleen and kidney deficiency, and actual, namely, dampness, heat, stasis and toxicity. Most scholars classify colorectal cancer patients into 5 types: damp-heat internalized type, stasis and toxin internal obstruction type, spleen and kidney yang deficiency type, liver and kidney yin deficiency type and qi and blood deficiency type. For those with internal dampness and heat, the treatment is to clear the heat and detoxify the dampness. The treatment is to nourish the liver and kidney, nourish the yin and diarrhea, and select Zhi Bo Di Huang Tang with addition and subtraction. Some people also classify the disease into four types of treatment: for damp-heat containing toxins, the treatment is to clear heat and relieve dampness, and the formula is Bai Tou Weng Tang with addition and subtraction; for qi-blood stagnation, the treatment is to resolve stasis and detoxify the toxins, and the formula is Tao Hong Si Wu Tang with addition and subtraction; for mixed cold and heat, the treatment is to warm the spleen and clear the intestines, and the formula is Huang Lian Tang and Han Xia Di Xin Tang with addition and subtraction; for spleen deficiency and evil solidity, the treatment is to warm the spleen and tonify the kidney, and the formula is Ginseng Ling Bai Zhu San with addition and subtraction. 2.Specialized formula treatment for colorectal cancer includes adding and subtracting traditional prescriptions and recombining them. Clearing heat and detoxifying toxins, relieving dampness and resolving blood stasis. (August Zha, Guang Mu Xiang, Red Vine, White Flowered Snake Tongue and Tongue Herb, Sarsaparilla, Wild Grapevine, Bitter Ginseng, Raw Coix Seed, Dan Shen, Earth Turtle Worm, Umei, Juniper Berry, White Hairy Vine, Fengshui Herb, Guanzhong Char, Half Branch Lotus, Tian Long) Tong Yu and Dissipate Firmness Tang (White Flowered Snake Tongue and Tongue Herb, Sophora japonica, Sophora flower, Long Qi, Xian He Cao, Di Yu, Angelica sinensis, Astragalus membranaceus, Fructus Herb, Andrographis paniculata, Kun Bu, Panax ginseng, Huang Yao Zi) Decoction in water Take Sophora flower soup (Sophora flower, Crow’s bark, Soapberry, Blood, Snake’s tongue herb, Raw rhubarb, Siberian grass) and keep enema and palm holding medicine (Whole fresh onion, rhubarb, croton, black arsenic) for 30d as a course of treatment. Benefit Qi, tonify deficiency, detoxify and eliminate blood stasis. We use “Anti-cancer Formula No. 9”, which is made up of “Anise Golden Disk”, “Shi Jian Dian Dian”, “Stachybotrys Sinensis”, “Shan Cigarea”, “August Zha”, “Astragalus”, “Dang Ginseng”, “Chicken Blood Vine”, “Salvia”, “Hawthorn”, “Rhubarb” and “Citrus aurantium”, combined with “Anti-cancer Suppository No. 4” (Toadstool, Rhizoma Polygonatum, Bupleurum Powder, Belladonna Infusion, The combination of “Anti-cancer Suppository No. 4” (Toad Soup, Rhizoma Polygonati, Bupleurum Powder, Belladonna Infusion, Glycerin, Glycerin), Radix Codonopsis Pilosulae, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Poria, Glycyrrhiza Glabra, Rhizoma Vine Root, Prunus Amygdalus Root, Wild Grapes Root, Magnolia, Tianxian Vine, Jiao Sanxian, and Chicken’s Inner Gold, and the combination of surgery and chemotherapy can be used to treat middle and late stage colorectal cancer. So far, the combination of Chinese and Western medicine is considered the best treatment for colorectal cancer. Radical surgery should be strived for in the early and middle stages, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and further combined with Chinese medicine, which can significantly prolong the long-term survival rate of patients. Studies have also shown that chemotherapy plus traditional Chinese medicine is more effective than single method for patients with advanced colorectal cancer who are not suitable for surgery. It has been reported that the combination of chemotherapy (based on MOF regimen) with the compound formula Sangen Tang (vine root, tiger root, wild grape root, Radix Codonopsis pilosulae, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, August zha, Coix seeds, raw hawthorn, licorice) in the treatment of mid- to late-stage colorectal cancer significantly prolonged the survival period than that of chemotherapy alone. The combination of surgery and radiotherapy with “Anti-cancer No. 8” (Anise Golden Disk, Cigarette, Snake Berry, August Zha, Stone Saposhnikovia, Severus, Coix Seed, Astragalus, Chicken Blood Vine, Danshen, Rhubarb, Citrus aurantium) was used to treat mid- to late-stage rectal cancer. During chemotherapy, we use Fu Zheng Jian Shen Tang (Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Gan Cao, Shu Di, Fructus Lycii, Shou Wu, Huang Jing, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Huai Shan Yao); during radiotherapy, we use Fu Zheng Yang Yin Tang (Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Gan Cao, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati), The resting phase or the consolidation treatment of various attacking therapies is treated with Fu Zheng Detoxification Tang (Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Gan Cao, Huang Qi, Bai Ying, Bai Hua Shi Tong Cao, Half Branch Lotus, Huang Jing, Zhen Zhen Zi, Xian He Cao). In conclusion, Chinese medicine has made great progress in the treatment of rectal cancer in recent years, especially in the combination of Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of patients in the middle and late stages, which has shown unique advantages in improving survival rates and toxic side effects after chemotherapy.