Patients with atrial septal defects do not heal on their own, no matter what they eat or drink, and are mainly treated with surgery. Atrial septal defect includes secondary foramen ovale type and primary foramen ovale type, secondary foramen ovale type usually has no obvious symptoms in childhood, and a few of them may have developmental delay. A few may have developmental delay and shortness of breath after activity. Primary foramen ovale symptomatic type appears early and progresses quickly, requires timely treatment and cannot be cured by itself. Regardless of the type of atrial septal defect, surgical treatment is generally required to achieve cure of the atrial septal defect by direct suturing or repair using patch material. Indications for surgical treatment include asymptomatic enlargement of the right atrium and ventricle, controlled heart failure, and atrial fibrillation over the age of 50 years. The treatment of atrial septal defect should be carried out under the guidance of doctors, pay attention to rest and avoid strenuous exercise.