As one of the three most persistent diseases caused by the progression of cirrhosis (the other two are liver failure and liver cancer), portal hypertension has a large number of patients and poses a great danger in China. The characteristic manifestations are vomiting of blood, black stools, significant enlargement of the spleen, and hypersplenism. Vomiting of blood and black stools due to rupture of varices in the esophagogastric fundus can lead to death due to hemorrhagic shock if no timely treatment is provided. Persistent abdominal distension, anemia, and decreased white blood cells and platelets due to compression of the significantly enlarged spleen and excessive destruction of blood cells by the spleen. The impact on the normal life and life of a person is enormous. The aim of treatment for these diseases is to reduce the risk of bleeding from ruptured esophagogastric fundic varices and to resolve hypersplenism. The available treatments include medical drug therapy, endoscopic treatment, TIPS, and surgical treatment. Endoscopic medication can reduce the risk of bleeding from ruptured esophagogastric fundic varices by lowering portal pressure, but the effect of reducing portal pressure is limited and has little therapeutic effect on hypersplenism. Endoscopic treatment is the most effective way to stop bleeding from ruptured esophagogastric fundic varices, and is one of the most effective ways to stop bleeding in acute cases. However, endoscopic treatment needs to be repeated several times to significantly reduce the risk of distant ruptured esophagogastric fundic variceal bleeding, and the incidence of recurrence of esophagogastric fundic varices leading to bleeding after endoscopic treatment is not small. Also, endoscopic treatment has no therapeutic effect on hypersplenism, and there are relative contraindications to endoscopic treatment for significant platelet reduction due to hypersplenism. These limitations also limit the number of patients who can benefit from endoscopic therapy. TIPS treatment, as an interventional means to accomplish shunt reduction of portal vein pressure, has an immediate and significant effect in reducing portal vein pressure. The risk of bleeding from ruptured varices in the esophagogastric fundus is reduced to a limited extent. Due to the reduction of portal vein pressure, a reduction in spleen size and remission of hypersplenism can be observed in some patients in the long term effect. There is some alleviation of the problem of hypersplenism. However, because this modality artificially establishes a shunt channel in the liver between the portal system and the vena cava system, the blood flow from this channel into the hepatic venous system from the portal system does not go through the biochemical action of the liver, which leads to the fact that the tissue that should be biochemically metabolized by the liver cannot be metabolized in time, increasing the concentration of such substances in the blood. Some of these substances, if increased in concentration, can have toxic effects on the body. One such substance is blood ammonia, which is supposed to be metabolized into urea in the liver, but due to artificially established shunting channels, its concentration in the blood can be significantly increased, which can further lead to hepatic encephalopathy, causing abnormalities in the person’s consciousness, mental state, and even personality and behavior. Therefore, this type of treatment is not routinely applied, and in the early years it was used as a pre-liver transplant application to prolong the waiting time for a liver source in patients with intractable bleeding that does not stop. In recent years the number of applications has increased for patients who meet the guidelines. Surgical treatments include liver transplantation, shunts and dissection. Liver transplantation replaces the entire sclerotic liver with a healthy one, solving not only the problem of portal hypertension, but also cirrhosis, treating both the symptoms and the root cause. However, due to the limited number of liver sources and the high cost of transplantation, liver transplantation is only available to a limited number of eligible patients. The basic principle of surgical shunt is the same as TIPS, which is a surgical procedure to create an artificial shunt between the portal vein system and the vena cava system outside the liver to reduce portal vein pressure. Combined splenectomy can resolve hypersplenism. However, its disadvantages are also the problems of hepatic encephalopathy, and there are also problems of thrombosis of the portal venous system and thrombosis of the shunt channel, leading to the gradual rejection of shunt surgery in China. The basic principle is to solve the problem of hypersplenism by removing the spleen, and to reduce the risk of bleeding from ruptured varices in the esophagogastric fundus by disconnecting the shunt channels between the portal vein system and the vena cava system around the esophagus and stomach, so that the varices formed between the portal vein system and the vena cava system can be relieved or disappear. This type of procedure is relatively simple, has good near and long-term results in reducing bleeding if the flow is complete, and has a long-lasting effect. However, this approach removes the spleen and has a high incidence of postoperative portal vein system thrombosis, especially in the splenic vein stump. Thrombosis of the portal venous system can affect portal blood flow and can seriously lead to further increase of portal pressure, liver ischemia and liver function impairment. Anticoagulant medication must be used for 3-6 months after surgery to prevent and treat portal vein system thrombosis. In recent years, partial splenectomy + peripancreatic vascular dissection has been gradually applied to reduce bleeding from ruptured varices in the esophagogastric fundus, resolve splenomegaly and hypersplenism while reducing portal vein thrombosis and preserving part of the spleen function. This procedure is performed in the same manner and to the same extent as splenectomy. Instead of removing the entire spleen, a small portion of the spleen and its arterial blood supply and venous return is intentionally preserved according to the vascular distribution of the spleen. In this way, most of the spleen is removed, the problem of hypersplenism is solved, and the patient’s white blood cells, platelets, and hematocrit return to normal after surgery. At the same time, the preserved portion of the spleen was able to perform the function that the spleen should have. The blood flow through the splenic artery and vein was kept unobstructed because the blood vessels of the remaining part of the spleen were preserved. Since there is no blind end formation and no blood flowing through the blind end of the vessel, the chance of thrombosis is greatly reduced, especially in the splenic vein. This procedure is a product of practice, which has been developed through various treatment practices to avoid shortcomings. The disadvantage of this procedure in the treatment of portal hypertension is that not every patient can be treated with this procedure, and its success depends especially on the vascular distribution of the spleen.