Pregnancy is a happy and common event, and although there are often some stumbling blocks, hyperparathyroidism in pregnant women is a rare novelty. The full name of hyperparathyroidism is hyperparathyroidism, and the common types are primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Secondary hyperparathyroidism occurs mainly in patients who are on dialysis for kidney failure. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by adenoma or hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands, which results in the secretion of excess hormones, causing the dissociation of calcium from the bones into large amounts of calcium ions that enter the bloodstream. With the blood circulation, the increased calcium ions act on the tissues and cells of the whole body, resulting in a series of symptoms called “high blood calcium and low blood phosphorus syndrome”, such as kidney stones, muscle pain, joint pain and limited movement, abdominal distension, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, frequent constipation, easy thirst, mental depression, depression, drowsiness, memory loss, etc. Memory loss and various other manifestations. When serum calcium exceeds 3 mmol/L, hallucinations, mania and coma can occur. Hypercalcemia is also very likely to cause hypercalcemia, which means that when the blood calcium is higher than 3.75 mmol/L, the above symptoms can be rapidly aggravated, and even acute pancreatitis, severe myocardial ischemia, cardiac arrhythmia, renal insufficiency, uremic symptoms and coma can occur. If untimely or improperly treated, the patient’s life can be threatened. So it seems that hyperparathyroidism should not be underestimated. The author once compared parathyroid adenoma to a “small lesion, big harm” and a “local problem, whole body damage”. Although pregnancy is a physiological process, it is also a risky one. If the mother is unfortunate enough to have hyperparathyroidism, the potential threat of hyperparathyroidism may be triggered if there is any movement, and if the mother has a high calcium risk, the mother will not be the only one at risk, but also the delicate child in the womb. Even if the mother is lucky enough not to have hypercalcemia, the high calcium level in the mother’s blood will increase the calcium concentration in the fetus’ blood, which may have some negative consequences, because calcium ions can pass freely through the placental barrier. In 2003, I saw a six-year-old boy who had hematuria. Hematuria is not uncommon in children, but this child was peculiar in that both kidneys were covered with stones, consistent with the medical term renal calcium deposits, which are quite troublesome and difficult to manage. I couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw that a 6-year-old child had bilateral kidney stones, because it was unbelievable that such a young child had bilateral kidney stones. However, after a short period of surprise, I immediately thought that the child might have a parathyroid adenoma and immediately performed a cervicothoracic ultrasound, which did not reveal any trace of parathyroid adenoma. At such a young age, I wondered if his mother had suffered from hyperparathyroidism during her pregnancy and had given him excess calcium ions, resulting in kidney stones. I found out through careful investigation that his mother had been suffering from symptoms, but she was able to get through it without seeing a doctor. In 2003, when thermal ablation of parathyroid adenomas was not yet available in China, the mother’s parathyroid adenoma was surgically removed and cured by a surgical specialist. During pregnancy, pregnant women are afraid of getting sick. Because the fetus is in the womb, there is a fear that the treatment will have an adverse effect on him/her. So, let’s analyze what exactly is the best way to deal with hyperparathyroidism in pregnant women. First of all, hyperparathyroidism is harmful to pregnant women, and it can also pose a serious threat to the fetus if hypercalcemia crisis occurs. The parathyroid glands of the fetus may be stunted or may not develop as a result of prolonged hypercalcemia feedback. After the fetus is born, it sheds the mother’s body, and due to its own impaired parathyroid development, it is thereafter prone to neonatal hypocalcemia, with total calcium <1.75 mmol/L and free calcium <0.625 mmol/L. 25% to 50% of neonates develop hypocalcemic convulsions. The onset of the disease is at two peaks within 72 hours after delivery and 7 days after delivery. About 50% of newborns with low blood calcium also have lower than normal blood magnesium. Therefore, when hyperparathyroidism occurs during pregnancy, the need for treatment is obvious in order to reduce miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal mortality. It should be emphasized here that hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy cannot be determined solely on the basis of maternal serum parathyroid hormone measurements, because as pregnancy progresses, maternal blood volume and renal filtration increase and blood calcium is transported to the fetal side, maternal calcium concentration slowly decreases, resulting in a gradual increase in parathyroid hormone during mid- to late pregnancy. This is a self-regulation between calcium and parathyroid hormone. However, once there is an increase in serum parathyroid hormone, an increase in blood calcium, a decrease in blood phosphorus, and an ultrasound finding of a parathyroid lesion (although isotope testing is accurate, it is not recommended during pregnancy), the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy is established. Then, when the fetus is not yet mature, will the treatment, including anesthetics, lead to fetal growth and developmental disorders? If radiofrequency and microwave ablation are used, the negative effects can be minimized because ablation is minimally invasive and only local anesthesia is used and the amount of anesthesia is 1~2ml to be able to perform ablation analgesia. Sometimes the speed of this calcium drop is too fast to stop for a while, and it will become low calcium, just like a car that is too fast and can't brake at once. If the mother has low blood calcium, the fetus's blood calcium may also be reduced, and if the child's bone development enters a rapid period after 28 weeks, will it affect the child's bone development? This concern is justified, but the good thing is that calcium deficiency can be supplemented, and calcium supplementation is not a difficult task. In this way, it seems that a mother and child can be safe and sound if they mistakenly hit hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy. Parathyroid adenomas are slow growing, small in size, and have a variety of clinical symptoms that are not characteristic, so patients are often unaware of the disease or do not know which department to go to when they feel uncomfortable, which often leads to missed or misdiagnosis. Recently, I received information from a pregnant woman who was 23 weeks pregnant and a young mother who had been breastfeeding for more than 7 months. Both of them were diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism, and according to the growth and development characteristics of parathyroid adenomas, they actually had parathyroid adenomas long before pregnancy or breastfeeding. Over the past decade or so, the author has promoted the importance of ultrasound examination of hyperparathyroidism through various academic exchanges in China, and has vigorously promoted the ultra-minimally invasive treatment techniques of radiofrequency and microwave thermal ablation of parathyroid adenomas, contributing to the popularization of new diagnostic and treatment methods and technologies for parathyroid diseases, and reaping certain social benefits. Based on the author's profound understanding of radiofrequency and microwave ablation techniques for parathyroid adenoma, there is no need to panic if you unfortunately have hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy, and the advantages of thermal ablation ultra-minimally invasive treatment should be highlighted on the basis of comprehensive management measures according to the specific conditions of the pregnant woman and the fetus, which will help the mother and child to be safe!