Main trunk muscles
1.Anterior cervical flexion active muscle: sternocleidomastoid muscle
2.Posterior cervical extension active muscle: trapezius muscle, cervical erector spinae muscle
3.Torso forward flexion active muscle: rectus abdominis muscle
4.Posterior trunk extension active muscle: erector spinae, lumbar square muscle
5.Torso rotation active muscle: external abdominal oblique muscle
6.Superior pelvic active muscle: lumbar square muscle
The main muscles of the upper limbs
(A) Scapula
1.Scapular abduction and upward rotation of the active muscles: anterior serratus
2.Superior scapular active muscles: trapezius, scapularis
3.Internal scapular active muscles: middle trapezius, rhomboid
(B) Shoulder joint
1.Active muscles of shoulder flexion: anterior deltoid, brachialis
2.Posterior extension active muscles of the shoulder joint: latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior deltoid
3.Shoulder abduction active muscles: middle deltoid, supraspinatus
4.Horizontal posterior extension of shoulder joint: posterior deltoid
5.Horizontal forward flexion of the shoulder joint: pectoralis major
6.External rotation of the shoulder joint: infraspinatus, teres minor
7.Internal rotation active muscles of shoulder joint: subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major
(C) Elbow joint
1.Elbow flexion active muscles: biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis
2.Elbow extension active muscles: triceps brachii
(D) forearm
1.Rotary active muscle of forearm: biceps, rotator cervicalis muscle
2.Forearm rotation front active muscle: rotation front round muscle, rotation front muscle
(E) wrist joint
1.Wrist flexion (palmar flexion) active muscles: radial wrist flexor, ulnar wrist flexor
2.Wrist extension (dorsal extension) active muscles: radial carpal extensors, ulnar carpal extensors, radial carpal short extensors
3.Foot deviation
4.Radial deviation
5.rotation
(F) hand
1, metacarpophalangeal joint flexion active muscles: earthworm, metacarpal interosseous muscle, dorsal interosseous muscle
2.Proximal interphalangeal joint flexion active muscles: superficial finger flexors
3, finger abduction active muscles: dorsal interosseous muscle, pinky abductor muscle
4, finger adduction active muscle: palmar interosseous muscle
5, thumb metacarpophalangeal joint flexion active muscle: thumb short flexor
6, thumb metacarpophalangeal joint extension active muscle: thumb short extensor
Main muscles of the lower limbs
(I.) Hip joint
1.Active hip flexors: psoas major and iliacus
2, hip extension active muscles: gluteus maximus, biceps femoris
3, hip abduction active muscles: gluteus medius
4.Active hip abductors: adductor pollicis brevis, pubococcygeus, etc.
5.Active muscles of external rotation of hip joint: internal closed muscle, external closed muscle, gluteus maximus, femoral square muscle, pear-shaped muscle
6.Internal rotation active muscles of the bone joint: gluteus minimus, vastus medialis tensor fasciae
(B) Knee joint
1.Knee flexion active muscles: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
2.Knee extension active muscles: quadriceps
(C) Ankle joint
1.Active muscles of ankle plantarflexion: gastrocnemius, hallux valgus
2.Ankle dorsiflexion and internal rotation: tibialis anterior muscle
3.Foot inversion active muscle: tibialis posterior
4.External rotation of the foot active muscle: peroneus longus and shortus
(D) foot
1.Metatarsophalangeal joint flexion active muscles: bunion short flexor, earthworm muscle
2, interphalangeal joint flexion active muscle: bunions short flexors, earthworm muscle
3, metatarsophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint extension active muscles: the former is the long and short toe extensors, the latter is the long thumb extensors
The main facial muscles
(A) Eye muscles
1.Eyelid muscle: let the patient do the action of closing the eyes tightly
2, upper eyelid lift muscle; when the eye is turned upward, the upper eyelid is lifted
3. right superior rectus and right inferior oblique muscles: make the patient’s eye move upward to the right
4. right superior oblique and left inferior rectus: allows the patient’s eye to move downward to the left
5.Interior rectus and external rectus: let the patient’s eye move horizontally inside and outside
(B) Forehead and nasal muscles
1.Frontal muscles: let the patient make a surprised expression, make the eyebrows lift, and form horizontal wrinkles in the forehead.
2.Nasal muscles: let the patient open the nostrils wide and then narrow them
3.Frown muscle: let the patient frown, the eyebrows are pulled to the center and below, and longitudinal wrinkles are formed between the two eyebrows
(C) mouth muscle
1.Mouth and lip muscles: tighten the mouth and lips
2, corner of the mouth muscle: make a sneer expression, one side of the upper edge of the mouth lip lift, but not lift the outer corner of the mouth
3, upper lip lift and zygomaticus minor muscle: lift and protrude the upper lip
4.Laughing muscle: let the patient make a smug expression, and pull the corner of the mouth outward after bringing the lips together
5.Zygomaticus major: let the patient make a smiling expression, and lift the outer corners of the mouth upward and outward
6.Buccal muscle: let the patient make a whistling expression, shrink the two cheeks, and close the lips
7, corner of the mouth descending muscle and broad neck muscle: pull down the corner of the mouth with force
(D) masticatory muscles
1, temporalis, bite muscle and pterygoid muscle: do clenching action, tightly close the upper and lower jaw
2, two abdominal muscles, supraglottis muscle group: do open mouth action, pull down the jaw