The anorectal clinic often has patients complaining of “anal swelling and discomfort”, many of whom think they are just having an attack of hemorrhoids, but in fact this is not the only thing. ”This is a non-specific symptom that can be caused by many anorectal diseases and even urological and reproductive diseases, such as prostatitis or hyperplasia, posterior uterine tilt, and caesarean lesions such as presacral cysts, which can lead to anal swelling. According to statistics, about 40% of patients with anal diseases have varying degrees of anal cramping and a strong sense of bowel movement. Generally speaking, hemorrhoid-induced anal swelling can be seen in prolapsed internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoid prolapse, and anal papilloma. Inflammatory diseases such as sinusitis, perianal abscess (pelvic rectal gap abscess and posterior rectal gap abscess), proctitis and colitis (sigmoid colon inflammation is the most obvious) can be seen as anal swelling. Tumor diseases such as benign and malignant tumors of the rectum and colon have varying degrees of anal swelling. When large smooth muscle tumors and lipomas grow outside the rectal cavity, they can also cause anal swelling. Some lesions of the sacral nerve and anorectal neurosis, although there are no substantial lesions, can also cause anal cramping, and some patients have cramping and a feeling of incomplete defecation because of old age, fecal impaction, prolapse of the rectal mucosa, and relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles. It should be noted that if anal swelling occurs after sclerotherapy for internal hemorrhoids, excision and ligation for mixed hemorrhoids, or surgery for anal fistula, it is a temporary and normal reaction, and the swelling will eventually disappear naturally as the wound heals and anal function is restored. Or physical deficiency of qi and blood does not run smoothly, qi stagnation, blood phlegm, tendons and veins across the solution and become swollen. In addition, after surgery, Qi and blood stagnation, scar formation and anal swelling. Because “anal swelling” has the potential to develop anorectal tumors, whenever symptoms of anal swelling and frequent bowel movements occur, you should seek early medical attention, go to a hospital for a clear diagnosis, and seek treatment to avoid aggravation of the condition. Even inflammatory lesions such as anal sinusitis should be treated promptly, otherwise there is a possibility of more serious diseases such as anal canalitis, perianal abscess and anal fistula. Diagnosis requires detailed examination to exclude other organic lesions. Ancillary examinations such as colonoscopy and CT are necessary. Anal swelling caused by inflammation may be accompanied by pain, redness and swelling, and increased frequency of defecation; those caused by relaxation and prolapse of the rectal mucosa and relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles may be accompanied by normal fecal quality but unclean defecation, lumbar swelling, wasting and fatigue; those caused by prostate lesions may be accompanied by abnormal urination. For inflammation, anti-inflammatory treatment, rectal mucosa relaxation or internal prolapse, pelvic floor muscle relaxation caused by the long-term internal consumption of traditional Chinese medicine “tonic Zhong Yi Qi Tang (pill)” or sclerotherapy injection and long-term anal lifting exercises, prostate disease and ectopic patients should actively treat the primary disease.