People eat grains and cereals, always have to be sick, only some people are less sick, some people often sick. We can make people less sick or less sick by exercising, developing good hygiene habits, paying attention to health care, and improving immune function, but modern medicine can’t make people not sick. Therefore, there is no life without sickness, without dealing with doctors. When you get sick, you have to go to the hospital to see a doctor, and many patients or their families, often as soon as they get to the hospital, they are eager to ask the doctor to prescribe drugs, injections, open surgery. Some doctors to meet the patient’s impatience, fever with a broad-spectrum antibacterial sow, chest, abdominal masses do not move to cut the chest and abdomen probe, resulting in misdiagnosis, misdiagnosis of serious consequences. Although the reasons are very complicated, one important reason is that Chinese clinical medicine has been treatment-centered for thousands of years, and diagnosis has not been given due attention, which has largely affected the improvement of the diagnosis level, or the diagnosis level cannot keep up with the treatment needs. Some people retrieved 153,000 misdiagnosis cases on the Internet during 1990-1999. Through computer statistics, the overall misdiagnosis rate of various diseases in China is 27.89%, and the overall misdiagnosis rate of malignant tumor is 39.77%. The high rate of misdiagnosis is alarming, which indicates that the level of clinical medical diagnosis in China is quite backward, and also indicates that it is very difficult to make correct diagnosis. What are the consequences of misdiagnosis? First of all, it causes great direct economic loss to the country. Because the money spent on treatment after misdiagnosis is much more than the money spent on clear diagnosis, more importantly, misdiagnosis causes serious consequences to the health and life of patients. For example, misdiagnosis of infectious diseases not only causes pain and even threatens the life of the patient, but also causes the spread of the disease. Misdiagnosis and delayed treatment of tuberculosis, for example, can not only result in lifelong failure and total incapacity, but also cause contagion. Delayed diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis can result in a disability rate of more than 50% within two years. Various malignant tumors, if delayed to advanced stage due to misdiagnosis, even the best treatment experts can do nothing, and the five-year survival rate is extremely low, and most people die within one year. However, if these diseases are correctly diagnosed in time, the prognosis for the vast majority of people is quite good. Tuberculosis, for example, can almost always be cured with correct diagnosis and timely treatment, with no significant impact on life or labor force. If rheumatoid arthritis can be diagnosed and treated early, the disability rate is also very low. Although malignant tumors are talked about, if they are detected early and correctly diagnosed and treated early, the five-year survival rate reaches more than 90% or even 100%. Many of them can live for 10 years, 20 years, or even longer. For example, in acute cerebral infarction and acute myocardial infarction, if thrombolytic therapy is started within 2 hours after timely diagnosis, the effect is very good, and the effect is also very good if the treatment is started within 6 hours, and the effect is obviously reduced if the treatment is started after 6 hours, and the effect is very poor or even invalid if the treatment is started after 12 hours. So it can be said that the best medicine for the cure is time, and the best surgery is also time. Because early treatment, whether it is medication or open surgery (if there is an indication for surgery) is very effective, so who will buy time? —— diagnosis. That is why diagnosis is more important than treatment. Without a correct diagnosis, there is no effective treatment. So, how can we achieve a correct diagnosis? To make the majority of patients understand, we compare the process of diagnosis to a judge deciding a case. A judge needs evidence to decide a case, and the evidence is the traces left by the criminal when he or she committed the crime. Some criminals leave more obvious traces, public security personnel easier to find and forensics, some criminals are very cunning, leaving traces very hidden, careless or not high level of detective is not easy to find, but good detectives (such as Sherlock Holmes) can often catch those subtle traces. Various diseases caused by different etiologies will produce a variety of signs, symptoms, laboratory and imaging manifestations in patients, such as pneumonia caused by bacteria will have obvious symptoms, such as high fever, chills, cough, lung with large lobe solid changes, a chest X-ray can be diagnosed. However, for some diseases, such as malignant tumors, especially those growing in some hidden areas, patients often do not have any abnormal feelings in the early stage or seem to be uncomfortable but they cannot even tell what exactly is uncomfortable. At this time, if you encounter a doctor with low level or low responsibility, you will often miss or misdiagnose. But even the most cunning criminals can hardly escape the eyes of Sherlock Holmes, and even the most difficult diseases will bow down in front of a good doctor. But this requires the patient’s understanding and cooperation, as mentioned earlier, some diseases can be diagnosed based on the patient’s complaints alone, and some diseases can be diagnosed without any tests once the doctor sees the patient. Some diseases such as most pneumonia and tuberculosis can be diagnosed with a single film, but some diseases cannot be diagnosed even with routine CT and MRI examinations, not to mention an X-ray. In this case, we need to change the scanning procedures and parameters of CT and MRI and perform various image post-processing according to different diseases to find out the subtle evidence, and then combine the clinical and laboratory test results, most of the difficult cases can be correctly diagnosed. ”Doctor, I’ve already had a CT scan at such-and-such hospital, why do I have to do it here?” Patients often ask this question. You can make an analogy, no sewing machine can make clothes, no woodworking tools can make furniture, but the same sewing machine different tailors make very different clothes, the same tools different woodworkers make different furniture. To do medical diagnosis, you need many instruments, including CT, MRI and other modern high precision equipment, and then advanced instruments for doctors, but also a tool. Because these instruments are quite complex, manufacturers will do a routine training in the sale of this. But to really master the performance of these instruments, according to different diseases using different methods of examination, is not an easy task. Good use, you can find many diagnostic basis to make a correct diagnosis, and vice versa may not make a diagnosis. Some people also ask, so-and-so hospital equipment is also very advanced, why the misdiagnosis rate is relatively high. Why is there less misdiagnosis when such and such hospital also has such equipment. Doctors diagnose and detectives solve cases, as mentioned earlier, detectives solve cases and doctors diagnose need some tools or instruments, but Sherlock Holmes solve cases at a high rate is not mainly determined by the instrument, and in the end, the main rely on the level of detective and experience. The first thing is to find the evidence, but also to accurately identify this evidence. If Zhang San’s fingerprints, bloodstains mistaken for Li Si’s, resulting in wrongful convictions. Compared to the detective doctor’s diagnosis is more complex, so the doctor’s diagnostic experience is a prerequisite, advanced equipment can provide greater help for the doctor’s diagnosis, the doctor must first use a variety of advanced instruments to check out the various manifestations of the disease, signs, more accurate recognition of this sign belongs to which disease is unique, the error of judgment caused by the diagnosis of the error. Therefore, the diagnosis of more complex diseases should be made at a higher level hospital.